Emmanuele R P A, Sich M, Kyriienko O, Shahnazaryan V, Withers F, Catanzaro A, Walker P M, Benimetskiy F A, Skolnick M S, Tartakovskii A I, Shelykh I A, Krizhanovskii D N
Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UK.
Nat Commun. 2020 Jul 17;11(1):3589. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17340-z.
Highly nonlinear optical materials with strong effective photon-photon interactions are required for ultrafast and quantum optical signal processing circuitry. Here we report strong Kerr-like nonlinearities by employing efficient optical transitions of charged excitons (trions) observed in semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). By hybridising trions in monolayer MoSe at low electron densities with a microcavity mode, we realise trion-polaritons exhibiting significant energy shifts at small photon fluxes due to phase space filling. We find the ratio of trion- to neutral exciton-polariton interaction strength is in the range from 10 to 100 in TMDC materials and that trion-polariton nonlinearity is comparable to that in other polariton systems. The results are in good agreement with a theory accounting for the composite nature of excitons and trions and deviation of their statistics from that of ideal bosons and fermions. Our findings open a way to scalable quantum optics applications with TMDCs.
超快和量子光信号处理电路需要具有强有效光子-光子相互作用的高度非线性光学材料。在此，我们通过利用在半导体过渡金属二卤化物（TMDCs）中观察到的带电激子（三重态激子）的高效光学跃迁，报告了类似克尔效应的强非线性。通过在低电子密度下将单层MoSe中的三重态激子与微腔模式混合，我们实现了三重态激子极化激元，由于相空间填充，在小光子通量下表现出显著的能量移动。我们发现，在TMDC材料中，三重态激子与中性激子极化激元相互作用强度的比值在10到100之间，并且三重态激子极化激元的非线性与其他极化激元系统相当。这些结果与考虑激子和三重态激子的复合性质以及它们的统计与理想玻色子和费米子统计偏差的理论高度吻合。我们的发现为利用TMDCs实现可扩展的量子光学应用开辟了一条道路。
