Jing Nana, Liu Xiaoxia, Jin Mingliang, Yang Xingbin, Hu Xin, Li Caiyan, Zhao Ke
Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China.
Food Funct. 2020 Aug 1;11(8):6971-6986. doi: 10.1039/d0fo01282c. Epub 2020 Jul 22.
Fubrick tea aqueous extract (FTEs) has been reported to improve lipid metabolism and gut microbiota communities in mice and humans. However, it is still unclear how FTEs prevents obesity through gut microbiota, and whether some other regulatory mechanisms are involved in the process. Here, we found that FTEs supplementation effectively alleviated the body weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from FTEs-treated mice showed similar protective effects as FTEs supplementation in mice fed with a HFD. The results confirmed that gut microbiota played key roles in attenuating HFD-induced fat deposition and metabolic disorder. In particular, FTEs reversed HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis via increasing the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Adlercreutzia, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, and norank_f_Lachnospiraceae, and reducing that of Staphylococcus. Interestingly, FTEs could still alleviate HFD-induced lipid accumulation in mice treated with antibiotics, which had increased relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, and Bacteroides_uniformis sp. In addition, supplementation with FTEs also modified the serum metabolome, especially the "caffeine metabolism" pathway. Furthermore, FTEs supplementation increased the concentrations of caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine in serum, which were positively correlated with an abundance of norank_f_Lachnospiraceae. Overall, FTEs exerts beneficial effects against obesity induced by HFD, and the underlying mechanism is partially related to the reprogramming of intestinal microbiota, while the metabolism of caffeine in FTEs also played an important role in the process. This study provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the anti-obesity effects of FTEs and the consideration of gut microbiota as a potential target for the treatment of obesity induced by a HFD.
据报道，茯砖茶水提取物（FTEs）可改善小鼠和人类的脂质代谢及肠道微生物群落。然而，FTEs如何通过肠道微生物群预防肥胖，以及该过程中是否涉及其他调节机制仍不清楚。在此，我们发现补充FTEs可有效减轻高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的体重增加、内脏脂肪堆积、血脂异常和糖耐量受损，并且来自FTEs处理小鼠的粪便微生物群移植（FMT）对喂食HFD的小鼠显示出与补充FTEs相似的保护作用。结果证实，肠道微生物群在减轻HFD诱导的脂肪沉积和代谢紊乱中起关键作用。特别是，FTEs通过增加拟杆菌属、阿德勒克雷茨菌属、艾氏菌属、副拟杆菌属和未分类的毛螺菌科的相对丰度，以及降低葡萄球菌属的相对丰度，逆转了HFD诱导的肠道微生物群失调。有趣的是，FTEs仍可减轻抗生素处理小鼠中HFD诱导的脂质积累，这些小鼠中拟杆菌门、拟杆菌属和均匀拟杆菌的相对丰度增加。此外，补充FTEs还改变了血清代谢组，尤其是“咖啡因代谢”途径。此外，补充FTEs增加了血清中咖啡因、茶碱和可可碱的浓度，这些与未分类的毛螺菌科的丰度呈正相关。总体而言，FTEs对HFD诱导的肥胖具有有益作用，其潜在机制部分与肠道微生物群的重编程有关，而FTEs中咖啡因的代谢在该过程中也起重要作用。本研究为进一步研究FTEs的抗肥胖作用以及将肠道微生物群作为治疗HFD诱导肥胖的潜在靶点提供了理论依据。
