Bącela Justyna, Łabowska Magdalena Beata, Detyna Jerzy, Zięty Anna, Michalak Izabela
Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Jul 22;13(15):3257. doi: 10.3390/ma13153257.
In this literature review, the current state-of-art of coatings for orthodontic archwires' increasing antimicrobial and relevant mechanical properties, such as surface topography, friction or corrosion resistance, has been presented. There is a growing request for orthodontic appliances, therefore, most researchers focus on innovative functional coatings to cover orthodontic archwires and brackets. Orthodontic appliances are exposed to the unfavorable oral cavity environment, consisting of saliva flow, food, temperature and appliance force. As a consequence, friction or biocorrosion processes may occur. This can affect the functionality of the orthodontic elements, causing changes in their microstructure, surface topography and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the material which the orthodontic archwire is made from is of particular importance in terms of the possible corrosion resistance. This is especially important for patients who are hypersensitive to metals, for example, nickel, which causes allergic reactions. In the literature, there are some studies, carried out in vitro and in vivo, mostly examining the antibacterial, antiadherent, mechanical and roughness properties of functional coatings. They are clinically acceptable but still some properties have to be studied and be developed for better results. In this paper the influence of additives such as nanoparticles of silver and nitrogen-doped TiO applied on orthodontic brackets by different methods on the antimicrobial properties was analyzed. Future improvement of coating techniques as well as modification of the archwire composition can reduce the release of nickel ions and eliminate friction and bacterial adhesion problems, thus accelerating treatment time.
在这篇文献综述中，介绍了正畸弓丝涂层在增强抗菌性能以及相关机械性能（如表面形貌、摩擦或耐腐蚀性）方面的当前技术水平。对正畸矫治器的需求日益增长，因此，大多数研究人员专注于用于覆盖正畸弓丝和托槽的创新功能涂层。正畸矫治器暴露于不利的口腔环境中，该环境包括唾液流动、食物、温度和矫治器施加的力。因此，可能会发生摩擦或生物腐蚀过程。这会影响正畸元件的功能，导致其微观结构、表面形貌和机械性能发生变化。此外，正畸弓丝所使用的材料在可能的耐腐蚀性方面尤为重要。这对于对金属过敏的患者，例如对会引起过敏反应的镍过敏的患者来说尤其重要。在文献中，有一些体外和体内研究，主要考察功能涂层的抗菌、抗粘附、机械和粗糙度性能。它们在临床上是可接受的，但仍有一些性能有待研究和改进以获得更好的效果。本文分析了通过不同方法施加在正畸托槽上的银纳米颗粒和氮掺杂二氧化钛等添加剂对抗菌性能的影响。未来涂层技术的改进以及弓丝成分的改性可以减少镍离子的释放，并消除摩擦和细菌粘附问题，从而缩短治疗时间。
