School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih Selangor Darul Ehsan 43500, Malaysia.
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih Selangor Darul Ehsan 43500, Malaysia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jul 22;21(15):5202. doi: 10.3390/ijms21155202.
An ideal scaffold should be biocompatible, having appropriate microstructure, excellent mechanical strength yet degrades. Chitosan exhibits most of these exceptional properties, but it is always associated with sub-optimal cytocompatibility. This study aimed to incorporate graphene oxide at wt % of 0, 2, 4, and 6 into chitosan matrix via direct blending of chitosan solution and graphene oxide, freezing, and freeze drying. Cell fixation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, alkaline phosphatase colorimetric assays were conducted to assess cell adhesion, proliferation, and early differentiation of MG63 on chitosan-graphene oxide scaffolds respectively. The presence of alkaline phosphatase, an early osteoblast differentiation marker, was further detected in chitosan-graphene oxide scaffolds using western blot. These results strongly supported that chitosan scaffolds loaded with graphene oxide at 2 wt % mediated cell adhesion, proliferation, and early differentiation due to the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups of graphene oxide. Therefore, chitosan scaffolds loaded with graphene oxide at 2 wt % showed the potential to be developed into functional bone scaffolds.
理想的支架应具有生物相容性、适当的微观结构、优异的机械强度且可降解。壳聚糖具有大多数这些优异的特性，但它总是与亚最佳的细胞相容性相关联。本研究旨在通过将壳聚糖溶液与氧化石墨烯直接混合、冷冻和冷冻干燥，将氧化石墨烯以 0、2、4 和 6wt%的比例掺入壳聚糖基质中。通过细胞固定、3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐、碱性磷酸酶比色测定法分别评估 MG63 在壳聚糖-氧化石墨烯支架上的细胞黏附、增殖和早期分化。使用 Western blot 进一步检测壳聚糖-氧化石墨烯支架中碱性磷酸酶（成骨细胞早期分化标志物）的存在。这些结果有力地表明，由于氧化石墨烯含氧官能团的存在，负载 2wt%氧化石墨烯的壳聚糖支架介导细胞黏附、增殖和早期分化。因此，负载 2wt%氧化石墨烯的壳聚糖支架具有开发为功能性骨支架的潜力。
