Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Diet, Microbiota and Health Research Team, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Apr;60(3):1403-1413. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02339-5. Epub 2020 Jul 27.
Solid evidence has emerged supporting the role of polyphenols and fibers as gut microbiota modulators. These studies have been limited to the data available in food composition databases, which did not include the food content of non-extractable polyphenols (NEPP). The main objective of this work is to quantify the intake of the different types of dietary polyphenols including NEPP and to evaluate their impact on the composition and activity of the intestinal microbiota.
Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on a sample of 147 adults with no declared pathologies. Dietary intake has been registered by a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and transformed into extractable (EPP) and NEPP, and dietary fibers based on available databases. Major phylogenetic types of the intestinal microbiota were determined by qPCR and fecal SCFA quantification was performed by gas chromatography.
NEPP account for two-thirds of the total polyphenols intake. A combined analysis by stepwise regression model including all dietary fiber and (poly)phenols has identified hydrolysable (poly)phenol (HPP) intake, as the best predictor of Bacteroides-Prevotella-Porphyromonas group and Bifidobacterium levels in feces. Also, HPPs were positively associated with butyric acid, while insoluble fiber was identified as a predictor of propionic acid in feces.
The intake of macromolecular (poly)phenols could contribute to modulate the gut microbiota by increasing the levels of certain intestinal microorganisms with proven health benefits.
有确凿的证据表明多酚和膳食纤维可作为肠道微生物群调节剂。这些研究仅限于食物成分数据库中的可用数据，而这些数据库不包括不可提取多酚（NEPP）的食物含量。这项工作的主要目的是定量摄入不同类型的膳食多酚，包括 NEPP，并评估它们对肠道微生物群组成和活性的影响。
对 147 名无明显病理的成年人进行了横断面描述性研究。通过半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）登记饮食摄入量，并根据现有数据库将其转化为可提取（EPP）和不可提取多酚（NEPP）以及膳食纤维。通过 qPCR 确定肠道微生物群的主要系统发育类型，并通过气相色谱法测定粪便中 SCFA 的定量。
NEPP 占总多酚摄入量的三分之二。包括所有膳食纤维和（多）酚的逐步回归模型的综合分析确定了可水解（多）酚（HPP）的摄入量，是粪便中拟杆菌-普雷沃氏菌-卟啉单胞菌属和双歧杆菌水平的最佳预测因子。此外，HPPs 与丁酸呈正相关，而不溶性纤维被确定为粪便中丙酸的预测因子。
高分子量（多）酚的摄入可能通过增加某些具有已证明健康益处的肠道微生物的水平来调节肠道微生物群。
