Weifang Medical University, 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.
Heart Center, Sunshine Union Hospital, 9000 Yingqian Street, Weifang, 261061, Shandong Province, China.
BMC Psychol. 2020 Aug 6;8(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s40359-020-00444-y.
Psychological resilience and coping strategies have been found to be related to various psychological and mental health problems. Evaluations of the relationship between resilience and coping style among university students are important for developing effective health promotion strategies focused on resilience intervention to benefit students' health and well-being. The relationship between psychological resilience and coping styles has usually been examined among adults and patients. Very few studies have investigated the relationship between resilience and coping style in university students. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between psychological resilience, students' characteristics (gender, major and grade) and coping styles among undergraduate students.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate students in Shandong Province, China. Undergraduate students were randomly selected from 6 universities in 3 cities of the province using a stratified random sampling method. The questionnaire included questions on the participants' demographic information, including gender, grade and major, measures of psychological resilience and coping style. Coping style was measured by the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). The Asian Resilience Scale (ARS) was applied to evaluate undergraduates' psychological resilience. Multivariable regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between resilience, students' characteristics and positive coping styles.
A sample of 1743 undergraduates was analysed. The mean psychological resilience score was 70.41. The mean score for positive coping style was 24.72. Multiple regression analysis showed that three factors of psychological resilience, mood control, self-plasticity and coping flexibility, were all significant factors for positive coping styles (regression coefficient = 0.34, 0.35, 0.14, p < 0.01 for the three factors, respectively). Medical students and females had higher scores for positive coping styles than non-medical students and males (p < 0.01).
The research revealed that females and medical students are more likely than males and non-medical students to adopt positive coping styles. Higher psychological resilience is associated with a better positive coping style. The findings suggest that psychological education and health promotion programmes that target strengthening psychological resilience among undergraduate students may help foster positive coping styles to benefit their mental health and psychological well-being.
心理弹性和应对策略已被发现与各种心理和心理健康问题有关。评估大学生的弹性和应对方式之间的关系对于制定以弹性干预为重点的有效健康促进策略非常重要，这有利于学生的健康和幸福。在成年人和患者中，通常会检查心理弹性和应对方式之间的关系。很少有研究调查大学生的弹性和应对方式之间的关系。本研究旨在调查大学生心理弹性与应对方式之间的关系，以及学生特征（性别、专业和年级）与应对方式之间的关系。
采用横断面调查方法，对山东省 6 所大学的本科生进行调查。采用分层随机抽样法，从该省 3 个城市的 6 所大学中随机抽取本科生。问卷包括参与者的人口统计学信息，包括性别、年级和专业、心理弹性和应对方式的测量。应对方式采用简化应对方式问卷（SCSQ）进行测量。采用亚洲弹性量表（ARS）评估大学生的心理弹性。多变量回归分析用于检验弹性、学生特征与积极应对方式之间的关系。
分析了 1743 名本科生的样本。心理弹性得分的平均值为 70.41，积极应对方式的得分平均值为 24.72。多元回归分析显示，心理弹性的三个因素，情绪控制、自我塑造和应对灵活性，都是积极应对方式的显著因素（回归系数分别为 0.34、0.35、0.14，p 值均<0.01）。与非医学专业学生和男性相比，医学专业学生和女性的积极应对方式得分更高（p 值均<0.01）。
研究表明，女性和医学专业学生比男性和非医学专业学生更倾向于采用积极的应对方式。较高的心理弹性与更好的积极应对方式相关。研究结果表明，针对增强大学生心理弹性的心理教育和健康促进计划可能有助于培养积极的应对方式，从而有益于他们的心理健康和心理幸福感。
