Women's Health and HIV Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban.
Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2020 Jul 9;12(1):e1-e6. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2305.
Eclampsia remains a major cause of maternal mortality, particularly in teenage pregnancies. Healthcare professionals providing antenatal must regard teenagers as a high risk group for the pre-eclampsia-eclampsia syndrome.
Data extracted from the South African Saving Mothers Report: 2014-2016.
To establish the clinical details in teenage maternal deaths owing to eclampsia.
Retrospective review of the case records and maternal death assessment forms of teenagers that died due to eclampsia during 2014-2016.
There were 47 teenagers (aged 14 to 19 years) who died from eclampsia. Of these 18 out of 47 (38%) deaths occurred in the post-partum period. Forty (85.1%) of the patients had antenatal care. Three (6.4%) had post-partum eclampsia, and of the remaining 44 of the 47 (93.6%), the gestational age at first occurrence of a seizure ranged from 25 to 39 weeks. The blood pressures at the time of seizure ranged from systolic of 131 to 210 mmHg and diastolic of 89 to 130 mmHg. The commonest final causes of death were intracerebral haemorrhage associated with severe hypertension and multi-organ failure. Avoidable factors included transport delays, referral to the wrong levels of health care and poor care by health professionals.
Teenage pregnancy is a risk factor for eclampsia-related death; awareness of borderline elevations of blood pressure levels from baseline values (prehypertension levels) and taking following national guidelines on the management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy will decrease deaths from eclampsia.
子痫仍然是孕产妇死亡的主要原因，尤其是在青少年妊娠中。提供产前保健的医疗保健专业人员必须将青少年视为先兆子痫-子痫综合征的高危群体。
从南非拯救母亲报告中提取的数据：2014-2016 年。
确定因子痫导致青少年产妇死亡的临床详情。
回顾性审查 2014-2016 年间因子痫死亡的青少年产妇的病历和孕产妇死亡评估表。
有 47 名青少年（14 至 19 岁）死于子痫。其中 18 例（38%）死亡发生在产后。40 例（85.1%）患者接受了产前保健。3 例（6.4%）发生产后子痫，其余 44 例（47 例中的 44 例，93.6%）中，首次癫痫发作时的孕龄范围为 25 至 39 周。癫痫发作时的血压范围为收缩压 131 至 210mmHg，舒张压 89 至 130mmHg。最常见的最终死亡原因是与严重高血压和多器官衰竭相关的颅内出血。可避免的因素包括运输延误、转诊至错误级别的医疗保健机构和卫生专业人员护理不当。
青少年妊娠是子痫相关死亡的危险因素；意识到血压水平从基线值（高血压前期水平）的轻微升高以及遵循国家关于妊娠高血压疾病管理的指南将降低子痫的死亡率。
