Mareg Moges, Molla Alemayehu, Dires Selamawit, Berhanu Mamo Zerihun, Hagos Brhane
Reproductive Health Department, School of Public Health, Dilla University, College of Health Science and Medicine, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Science and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Int J Womens Health. 2020 Jul 29;12:567-575. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S251342. eCollection 2020.
The maternal morbidity and mortality related to preeclampsia are increasing in developing countries; figures have been estimated to be between 1.8% and 16.7%, including in Ethiopia. However, there is limited research regarding the determinants of preeclampsia in Gedeo Zone.
The aim of the study was to determine the predictors of preeclampsia among pregnant mothers attending ANC and delivery services in southern Ethiopia.
A facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted in Gedeo Zone. Pregnant mothers attending ANC and delivery service were selected consecutively until the allotted 243 (162 controls and 81 cases) sample size was fulfilled. The collected data were checked for completeness and entered into Epi-data software version 3.1, and exported to statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was employed and a -value of less than 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was used to declare the significant association of the independent variables and the outcome variable.
A total of 240 mothers, 80 (33.3%) of cases and 160 (66.70%) of controls, responded, with a response rate of 98.76%. The mean age of the participants among both groups was 27.40 with a standard deviation of ±5.02. Attending education [adjusted odd ratio (AOR) = 0.49; 95% CI (0.006, 0.398)], being a house wife [AOR = 13; 95% CI (1.260, 140.15)], an age range of 20-34 years [AOR = 0.071; 95% CI (0.015, 0.32)], a family history of diabetes mellitus [AOR = 0.28.2; 95% CI (0.081, 0.985)], a family history of hypertension [AOR = 0.124; 95% CI (0.047, 0.325)], did not eat fruit during pregnancy [AOR = 3.355; 95% CI (1.112, 10.126)], and a maternal history of preeclampsia [AOR = 0.162; 95% CI (0.041, 0.640)] were found to be variables significantly associated among mothers with preeclampsia.
The determinant factors for preeclampsia were being a housewife, having a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and preeclampsia among family members. Strengthening early detection and prevention of predictors, improvement of protective factors, and further follow-up study were recommended.
在发展中国家，与子痫前期相关的孕产妇发病率和死亡率正在上升；据估计，这一比例在1.8%至16.7%之间，埃塞俄比亚也包括在内。然而，关于格迪奥地区子痫前期决定因素的研究有限。
本研究的目的是确定在埃塞俄比亚南部接受产前护理（ANC）和分娩服务的孕妇中子痫前期的预测因素。
在格迪奥地区开展了一项基于机构的非匹配病例对照研究。连续选取接受ANC和分娩服务的孕妇，直至达到分配的243例（162例对照和81例病例）样本量。对收集到的数据进行完整性检查，并录入Epi - data软件3.1版本，然后导出到社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）20版本进行分析。采用多变量逻辑回归分析，以小于0.05的P值和95%置信区间来判定自变量与结果变量之间的显著关联。
共有240名母亲做出回应，其中80例（33.3%）为病例组，160例（66.70%）为对照组，回应率为98.76%。两组参与者的平均年龄为27.40岁，标准差为±5.02。接受教育程度[调整后的优势比（AOR）= 0.49；95%置信区间（0.006，0.398）]、家庭主妇身份[AOR = 13；95%置信区间（1.260，140.15）]、年龄在20 - 34岁之间[AOR = 0.071；95%置信区间（0.015，0.32）]、糖尿病家族史[AOR = 0.282；95%置信区间（0.081，0.985）]、高血压家族史[AOR = 0.124；95%置信区间（0.047，0.325）]、孕期不吃水果[AOR = 3.355；95%置信区间（1.112，10.126）]以及子痫前期产妇病史[AOR = 0.162；95%置信区间（0.041，0.640）]被发现是子痫前期母亲中显著相关的变量。
子痫前期的决定因素包括家庭主妇身份、家庭成员有高血压、糖尿病和子痫前期病史。建议加强对预测因素的早期检测和预防。改善保护因素，并进行进一步的随访研究。
