Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2020 Aug 6;2020:4503824. doi: 10.1155/2020/4503824. eCollection 2020.
Secondary metabolites and their biological activity have pharmacological relevance in the prevention and therapeutic management of disease, including the facilitation of normal physiological processes through biochemical mechanisms. In this study, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity were evaluated quantitatively on the acetone, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of the flesh, and peel, as well as the boiled peel extract compartments of L. and L. fruits. Total phenol, proanthocyanidin, and flavonoid contents were estimated and measured spectrophotometrically. The free radical scavenging antioxidant capacity of the extracts was tested on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ethanol), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay models. Correlation between phytoconstituents and antioxidant activity was analysed using Pearson's coefficient. The results showed varying amounts of phytochemicals in the solvent extracts of the flesh and peel, including the boiled peel extract of and . All acetone extracts of flesh, flesh, and peel had the highest phytochemical contents, with the exception of the ethanol extract of peel which had the highest phenol content; just as on the overall scale, the peel compartments had generally higher phytochemical profiles than the soft flesh in both fruits. The boiled peel extracts of and had the highest ABTS (0.03 mg/mL) and DPPH (0.03 mg/mL) activity. Ferric reducing power (FRAP) was the highest in the ethanol extracts of flesh and peel, and flesh, while it was the highest in the acetone extract of at the peak concentration used (0.1 mg/mL). There was a significant negative correlation between the total phenol and flavonoid contents of flesh with its DPPH radical scavenging activity and proanthocyanidin content of flesh with its DPPH radical scavenging activity. The correlation outcomes indicate that none of the phytochemical constituents solely affected antioxidant activity; instead, a combination of the polyphenolic constituents contributed to antioxidant activity. This study shows the therapeutic potentials of the flesh and, importantly, the peel of and fruits on the basis of the polyphenolic constitution against free radicals and oxidative stress.
次生代谢物及其生物活性在疾病的预防和治疗管理中具有药理学相关性，包括通过生化机制促进正常生理过程。在这项研究中，评估了果肉、果皮以及果肉和果皮煮沸提取物部分的丙酮、乙醇和水提取物的植物化学成分和抗氧化活性。通过分光光度法估计和测量总酚、原花青素和类黄酮含量。提取物的自由基清除抗氧化能力在 DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼基乙醇）、ABTS（2,2'-氮杂双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸））和 FRAP（铁还原抗氧化能力）测定模型上进行测试。使用 Pearson 系数分析植物成分与抗氧化活性之间的相关性。结果表明，果肉和果皮的溶剂提取物中含有不同数量的植物化学成分，包括 和 的煮沸果皮提取物。除了果皮的乙醇提取物具有最高的酚含量外，所有 的果肉、 的果肉和 的果皮的丙酮提取物均具有最高的植物化学成分含量；同样在整体水平上，果皮部分在两种水果中的软果肉中通常具有更高的植物化学成分谱。 和 的煮沸果皮提取物具有最高的 ABTS（0.03mg/mL）和 DPPH（0.03mg/mL）活性。乙醇提取物中 的果肉和果皮以及 的果肉的铁还原能力（FRAP）最高，而在使用的峰值浓度（0.1mg/mL）下，丙酮提取物中 的 FRAP 最高。 的果肉总酚和类黄酮含量与其 DPPH 自由基清除活性之间呈显著负相关， 的果肉中原花青素含量与其 DPPH 自由基清除活性之间也呈显著负相关。相关性结果表明，没有一种植物化学成分单独影响抗氧化活性；相反，多酚成分的组合有助于抗氧化活性。这项研究表明， 和 的果肉和重要的是果皮基于多酚组成具有针对自由基和氧化应激的治疗潜力。
