Teka Tekleab, Awgichew Tadesse, Kassahun Haile
Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
J Trop Med. 2020 Aug 14;2020:1397043. doi: 10.1155/2020/1397043. eCollection 2020.
Emergence of drug resistance and lack of therapeutic efficacy of modern antimalarial drugs are the most triggering factors for the searching of new lead compounds with different mechanisms of action. Medicinal plants with documented traditional uses are a viable option for treatment of malaria. Traditionally, the leaf latex of has been used in the treatment of malaria in Ethiopia. Hence, this study was undertaken to investigate the antimalarial activity of the leaf latex of in -infected mice.
A four-day suppressive test was employed to evaluate the antimalarial effect of the leaf latex of the plant against . in Swiss albino mice. Mice were randomly assigned in five groups of five animals in each and given 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the leaf latex, chloroquine 25 mg/kg, and distilled water. The level of parasitemia, packed cell volume, survival time, temperature, and body weight was used to determine the antimalarial activity.
The acute toxicity study indicated that the leaf latex of . caused neither mortality nor signs and symptoms of toxicity at a dose of 2000 mg/kg. Furthermore, the 4-day suppressive test indicated that the latex of exhibited a significant parasitemia reduction in a dose-dependent manner as compared to negative control. The leaf latex of the plant exhibited a percent inhibition of 13.05%, 41.87%, and 66.84% at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The chemosuppression of the antimalarial activity was statistically significant at 100 mg/kg ( < 0.05), 200 mg/kg ( < 0.01), and 400 mg/kg ( < 0.01) as compared to negative control. All doses of the leaf latex prevented weight loss and reduction in temperature and packed cell volume and increased the survival time of infected mice.
The results of this study demonstrated that the leaf latex of possessed antiplasmodial activity confirming the genuine traditional use of the plant as an antimalarial agent.
现代抗疟药物耐药性的出现以及治疗效果不佳是促使人们寻找具有不同作用机制的新先导化合物的最主要因素。有传统药用记载的药用植物是治疗疟疾的一个可行选择。在埃塞俄比亚，传统上一直使用[植物名称]的叶乳胶来治疗疟疾。因此，本研究旨在调查[植物名称]叶乳胶对感染疟原虫的小鼠的抗疟活性。
采用为期四天的抑制试验来评估该植物叶乳胶对瑞士白化小鼠体内疟原虫的抗疟效果。将小鼠随机分为五组，每组五只，分别给予100、200和400毫克/千克的叶乳胶、25毫克/千克的氯喹以及蒸馏水。通过疟原虫血症水平、红细胞压积、存活时间、体温和体重来确定抗疟活性。
急性毒性研究表明，[植物名称]叶乳胶在剂量为2000毫克/千克时既未导致死亡，也未出现毒性的体征和症状。此外，为期四天的抑制试验表明，与阴性对照相比，该乳胶以剂量依赖的方式显著降低了疟原虫血症。该植物叶乳胶在100毫克/千克、200毫克/千克和400毫克/千克剂量下的抑制率分别为13.05%、41.87%和66.84%。与阴性对照相比，抗疟活性的化学抑制在100毫克/千克（P<0.05）、200毫克/千克（P<0.01）和400毫克/千克（P<0.01）时具有统计学意义。所有剂量的叶乳胶都能防止感染小鼠体重减轻、体温和红细胞压积降低，并延长其存活时间。
本研究结果表明，[植物名称]叶乳胶具有抗疟原虫活性，证实了该植物作为抗疟剂的传统用途是真实可靠的。
