数字接触者追踪与新冠疫情的伦理问题：谁（不）能自由出行？
Ethics of digital contact tracing and COVID-19: who is (not) free to go?
作者信息
Klenk Michael, Duijf Hein
机构信息
Institute for Business Ethics, St Gallen, Switzerland & Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands.
VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
出版信息
Ethics Inf Technol. 2021;23(Suppl 1):69-77. doi: 10.1007/s10676-020-09544-0. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
Abstract
Digital tracing technologies are heralded as an effective way of containing SARS-CoV-2 faster than it is spreading, thereby allowing the possibility of easing draconic measures of population-wide quarantine. But existing technological proposals risk addressing the wrong problem. The proper objective is not to maximise the ratio of people freed from quarantine but to also ensure that the composition of the freed group is fair. We identify several factors that pose a risk for fair group composition along with an analysis of general lessons for a philosophy of technology. Policymakers, epidemiologists, and developers can use these risk factors to benchmark proposal technologies, curb the pandemic, and keep public trust.
摘要
数字追踪技术被誉为一种比新冠病毒传播速度更快地控制其传播的有效方式，从而有可能放宽针对全体人口的严格隔离措施。但现有的技术方案可能解决的是错误的问题。恰当的目标不是使解除隔离的人数比例最大化，而是还要确保解除隔离群体的构成是公平的。我们识别了几个对公平群体构成存在风险的因素，并分析了技术哲学的一般经验教训。政策制定者、流行病学家和开发者可以利用这些风险因素来衡量方案技术、遏制疫情并保持公众信任。
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