Exercise Science, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, South Bedford Park, South Australia.
Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Portal de Lasarte Kalea, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 Aug 13;19(3):508-516. eCollection 2020 Sep.
The aim of this investigation was to compare the changes in endurance running performance and physiological variables after a four-week period of high intensity interval training (HIIT) in either running or cycling in female athletes. Fourteen recreational female runners (age = 42 10 yr, height = 1.67 0.06 m, body mass = 61.6 10.4 kg, body mass index (BMI) = 22.2 3.4 kg.m) were randomly allocated to one of two HIIT training groups: running (HIIT) or cycling (HIIT). Each group performed two HIIT sessions per week for 4 weeks, which consisted of 6 x 2 min at 95% of maximal heart rate (HR) and 4 x 1 min all out efforts. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO) in treadmill running increased significantly after the HIIT (p < 0.01, ES = 0.6) but remained unchanged in HIIT. However, HIIT improved average velocity in a 10 km running time trial (TT) (p < 0.05, ES = -0.4), whereas, no changes were found for the HIIT group. Analysing the first and last HIIT sessions, for HIIT only the average rate of perceived exertion (RPE) increased significantly, whereas, performance variables such as average heart rate (HR) and average pace (pace) remained unchanged. HIIT enhanced significantly the average speed of HIIT sets (speed) and the peak power output (PPO) of the session, as well as, the RPE and delayed onset muscle soreness immediately after HIIT session (DOMS) were increased significantly. A regime of HIIT in cycling may evoke increases in female recreational runners' power, which may be related with improvements in a 10 km TT independent of changes in aerobic capacity. This may be advantageous in order to avoid overuse running related injuries.
本研究旨在比较女性运动员在四周高强度间歇训练（HIIT）中跑步或骑行后的耐力跑步表现和生理变量变化。14 名休闲女性跑步者（年龄=42.10 岁，身高=1.670.06 米，体重=61.610.4 千克，体重指数（BMI）=22.23.4 千克.m）被随机分配到两个 HIIT 训练组之一：跑步（HIIT）或骑行（HIIT）。每个组每周进行两次 HIIT，持续四周，包括 6 次 2 分钟的 95%最大心率（HR）和 4 次 1 分钟的全力冲刺。跑步机跑步的最大摄氧量（VO）在 HIIT 后显著增加（p<0.01，ES=0.6），但 HIIT 组不变。然而，HIIT 改善了 10 公里跑步时间试验（TT）的平均速度（p<0.05，ES=-0.4），而 HIIT 组没有变化。仅分析 HIIT 的第一次和最后一次，HIIT 仅平均感知用力（RPE）显著增加，而平均心率（HR）和平均步速（pace）等表现变量保持不变。HIIT 显著提高了 HIIT 组的平均速度（speed）和会话的峰值功率输出（PPO），以及会话后即刻的平均 RPE 和延迟发作肌肉酸痛（DOMS）明显增加。HIIT 可能会增加女性休闲跑步者的力量，这可能与 10 公里 TT 的改善有关，而与有氧能力的变化无关。这可能有利于避免过度使用与跑步相关的受伤。
