Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30329-4027, USA.
Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, 16-18 Princes Gardens, London, SW7 1NE, UK.
Parasit Vectors. 2020 Sep 2;13(1):439. doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04315-8.
Mosquito rearing containers contain organic-rich water that nourishes numerous bacteria, some of which are capable of forming biofilms. Biofilm is broadly an extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) in which living bacteria occur, and the accumulation of biofilm is possible during routine stock-keeping as most of these containers are re-used. Whether biofilm has an effect on the mosquito rearing is not a question that has been investigated, nor have measures to reduce biofilm in this context been systematically studied.
We measured biofilm accumulation in standard rearing containers by staining with crystal violet and determining the OD using a spectrophotometer. We also treated rearing containers with 0.1% sodium hypochlorite to determine its effectiveness in reducing biofilm abundance. Lastly, we performed an analysis of the relationship between the occurrence of biofilm and the likelihood of microbial blooms that were associated with larval death during trials of larval diets.
We observed that soaking rearing containers overnight in 0.1% sodium hypochlorite greatly reduced biofilm, but we observed no relationship between the use of containers that had not been treated with bleach and subsequent microbial blooms.
Larva rearing leaves detectable biofilm. While we were unable to correlate microbial blooms with the presence of biofilm, as a precaution, we recommend that plastic containers that are re-used be treated with 0.1% sodium hypochlorite occasionally.
蚊子饲养容器中含有富含有机物的水，滋养着大量的细菌，其中一些能够形成生物膜。生物膜广泛地是一种细胞外聚合物基质 (EPS)，其中存在着活细菌，并且由于大多数这些容器被重复使用，因此在常规的库存保持期间可能会积累生物膜。生物膜是否对蚊子饲养有影响，这是一个尚未被研究的问题，也没有系统地研究过在这种情况下减少生物膜的措施。
我们通过用结晶紫染色并使用分光光度计测定 OD 来测量标准饲养容器中的生物膜积累。我们还用 0.1%次氯酸钠处理饲养容器，以确定其在减少生物膜丰度方面的有效性。最后，我们分析了生物膜的出现与微生物大量繁殖之间的关系，微生物大量繁殖与幼虫死亡有关，这是在幼虫饮食试验中观察到的。
我们观察到将饲养容器在 0.1%次氯酸钠中浸泡过夜可大大减少生物膜，但我们没有观察到未用漂白剂处理的容器的使用与随后的微生物大量繁殖之间存在关系。
幼虫饲养会留下可检测到的生物膜。虽然我们无法将微生物大量繁殖与生物膜的存在相关联，但作为预防措施，我们建议偶尔用 0.1%次氯酸钠处理重复使用的塑料容器。
