Wang Xiaozhe, Zhang Ying, Wen Qiong, Wang Ying, Wang Zhixin, Tan Zhen, Wu Kebang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Sep 2;10(9):1553. doi: 10.3390/ani10091553.
The gut microbiome plays an important role in the health and disease status of the host. Research on the effect of sex on animal intestinal microorganisms is still limited; and the effect of castration on the gut microbiome of male pigs has not been fully investigated. In this study, 30 Hainan special wild boars at the same growth stage were divided into three groups (10 entire males, 10 females, and 10 castrated males). High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing was used to investigate the fecal microbiota of the Hainan special wild boar. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Spirochaetes, and Proteobacteria were the five dominant phyla found in the specimens. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was higher in the microbiota of female pigs than in male pigs, while Firmicutes was on the contrary. The percentage of and was higher in males than females. The microbial diversity of females was significantly higher compared to males; castration increased the intestinal microbial diversity of males. Functional prediction showed that male fecal microorganisms were rich in membrane transport and carbohydrate metabolism; energy metabolism, glycan biosynthesis, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins were rich in the female group; the fecal microorganisms of castrated males had higher membrane transport abundance.
肠道微生物群在宿主的健康和疾病状态中起着重要作用。关于性别对动物肠道微生物影响的研究仍然有限；阉割对公猪肠道微生物群的影响尚未得到充分研究。在本研究中，将30头处于相同生长阶段的海南特种野猪分为三组（10头完整雄性、10头雌性和10头阉割雄性）。采用高通量16S rRNA测序技术研究海南特种野猪的粪便微生物群。厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、螺旋体门和变形菌门是在样本中发现的五个优势菌门。雌性猪微生物群中拟杆菌门的相对丰度高于雄性猪，而厚壁菌门则相反。雄性中 和 的百分比高于雌性。与雄性相比，雌性的微生物多样性显著更高；阉割增加了雄性的肠道微生物多样性。功能预测表明，雄性粪便微生物富含膜转运和碳水化合物代谢；能量代谢、聚糖生物合成以及辅因子和维生素代谢在雌性组中较为丰富；阉割雄性的粪便微生物具有较高的膜转运丰度。
