Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
J Chin Med Assoc. 2020 Sep;83(9):880-884. doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000385.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics, and the awareness status of glaucoma in an elderly Chinese population.
A total of 460 individuals aged ≥72 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional community-based eye disease screening program. Glaucoma was diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria proposed by the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology. Characteristics of subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) were described and compared between groups using Mann-Whitney U and Fisher's exact tests.
Forty subjects were diagnosed with glaucoma, including 17 subjects with POAG, 22 with PACG, and one with secondary glaucoma. The estimated prevalence of glaucoma, POAG, and PACG was 8.7%, 3.7%, and 4.8%, respectively. In total, 71% of the subjects with PACG and 77% of POAG subjects presented with a normal intraocular pressure (IOP) of <19 mmHg. The demographic and ocular characteristics were similar between the two groups; however, subjects with POAG had a longer axial length and smaller vertical disc diameter than those with PACG. Further, 95% of the glaucoma subjects ever visited the eye clinic, but only 32.5% of them were aware of the disease.
Glaucoma is prevalent in the elderly population in Taiwan, but the diagnostic rate and disease awareness are low. Since most subjects with glaucoma presented with normal IOPs, optic disc evaluation is critical for diagnosing glaucoma in the elderly in Taiwan.
本研究旨在评估老年华人人群中青光眼的患病率、特征以及对青光眼的认知状况。
本横断面社区眼病筛查项目共纳入 460 名年龄≥72 岁的个体。根据国际眼科地理和流行病学学会提出的诊断标准诊断青光眼。采用 Mann-Whitney U 和 Fisher 确切检验对原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）和原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）患者的特征进行描述和组间比较。
40 名患者被诊断为青光眼，其中 17 名患者为 POAG，22 名患者为 PACG，1 名患者为继发性青光眼。青光眼、POAG 和 PACG 的估计患病率分别为 8.7%、3.7%和 4.8%。总共，71%的 PACG 患者和 77%的 POAG 患者的眼压（IOP）均<19mmHg 正常。两组的人口统计学和眼部特征相似；然而，POAG 患者的眼轴较长，垂直视盘直径较小。此外，95%的青光眼患者曾就诊于眼科诊所，但只有 32.5%的患者知晓该疾病。
青光眼在台湾老年人群中较为普遍，但诊断率和疾病认知度较低。由于大多数青光眼患者的眼压正常，因此在台湾，对老年人进行青光眼诊断时，视盘评估至关重要。
