School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2020 Sep 29;56(77):11338-11353. doi: 10.1039/d0cc04890a.
In recent years, there has been rapid growth of enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials (nanozymes). Compared with biological enzymes, nanozymes exhibit several superiorities, including robust activity, easy production, and low cost, which endow them with promising applications in biochemical analysis. As an emerging member of nanozymes, metal-organic framework (MOF) nanozymes are attracting growing attention because of their composition and structural characteristics. Rationally designing MOFs with enzyme-like catalytic ability is opening up a new avenue for biochemical detection. In this Feature Article, we summarize the latest developments of MOF nanozymes and their applications in biochemical sensing. First, the types of nanozymes derived from MOFs are categorized, and effective strategies to improve the weak activity inherent in MOF nanozymes are introduced. Then, the multi-functionalization of MOFs with enzyme mimic activity and other attractive properties is emphasized. After that, the typical applications of MOF nanozymes in the detection of various analytes are rigorously reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and some development directions in this field are discussed. It is believed that the versatile nature of MOFs will bring a bright future for MOF nanozymes in biochemical analysis.
近年来，酶模拟催化纳米材料（纳米酶）发展迅速。与生物酶相比，纳米酶具有活性强、生产容易、成本低等优点，在生化分析中有很好的应用前景。作为纳米酶的新兴成员，金属有机骨架（MOF）纳米酶因其组成和结构特点而受到越来越多的关注。合理设计具有类酶催化能力的 MOF 为生化检测开辟了新途径。本文总结了 MOF 纳米酶的最新发展及其在生化传感中的应用。首先，对来源于 MOF 的纳米酶的类型进行了分类，并介绍了提高 MOF 纳米酶固有弱活性的有效策略。然后，强调了具有酶模拟活性和其他诱人特性的 MOF 的多功能化。之后，严格审查了 MOF 纳米酶在各种分析物检测中的典型应用。最后，讨论了该领域目前的挑战和一些发展方向。相信 MOF 的多功能性将为 MOF 纳米酶在生化分析中的应用带来光明的前景。
