孕期早期的母体膳食模式与体重增长和高血糖有关：伊朗西南部的一项队列研究。

Maternal dietary pattern in early pregnancy is associated with gestational weight gain and hyperglycemia: A cohort study in South West of Iran.

机构信息

Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

出版信息

Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 Nov-Dec;14(6):1711-1717. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.008. Epub 2020 Aug 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.008

PMID:32916554

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Maternal dietary pattern could influence on fetal health outcome. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between maternal dietary pattern and Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) in each trimester and hyperglycemia amongst Arab pregnant women in south-west of Iran.

METHODS

This longitudinally study was performed in urban healthcare centers of south-west of Iran. Among 610 candidates, 488 pregnant women were included in the final analysis. Consequently, two diet patterns were determined by principal component analysis and the association between GWG and blood glucose level was determined using quartile regression. Using generalized linear model, a model was adjusted for pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal age, income, and education levels.

RESULTS

Two dietary patterns were identified as follows: "high fat -fast food" and "vegetable-fruits & protein" pattern. High adherence to "high fat -fast food" pattern was associated with higher GWG and hyperglycemia in 3rd trimester (adjusted β: 0.029 95%CI 0.012; 0.049 P = 0.001) (adjusted β: 0.029 95%CI 0.012; 0.049 P = 0.001) respectively. High tendency to "vegetable-fruits & protein" pattern was inversely associated with development of hyperglycemia in 3rd trimester. Higher SES level was associated with low adherence to "high fat-fast food" pattern.

CONCLUSION

Findings of the study revealed that, higher adherence to high -fat diet is related to excessive GWG and hyperglycemia in late pregnancy.

摘要

背景和目的

母体的饮食模式可能会影响胎儿的健康结果。因此，本研究旨在评估阿拉伯孕妇在伊朗西南部的妊娠期间各阶段的饮食模式与体重增加（GWG）和妊娠期间高血糖之间的关系。

方法

本纵向研究在伊朗西南部的城市医疗保健中心进行。在 610 名候选人中，有 488 名孕妇最终被纳入分析。随后，通过主成分分析确定了两种饮食模式，并使用四分位回归确定了 GWG 与血糖水平之间的关系。使用广义线性模型，调整了孕前 BMI、母亲年龄、收入和教育水平。

结果

确定了两种饮食模式，分别为“高脂肪-快餐”和“蔬菜-水果和蛋白质”模式。高“高脂肪-快餐”模式的摄入与 3 期 GWG 和高血糖相关（调整后β：0.029 95%CI 0.012；0.049 P=0.001）（调整后β：0.029 95%CI 0.012；0.049 P=0.001）。高“蔬菜-水果和蛋白质”模式的倾向与 3 期高血糖的发生呈负相关。较高的社会经济地位与低“高脂肪快餐”模式的摄入相关。