Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 9;17(18):6576. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186576.
Previous research showed a positive relationship between physical activity and self-regulation in older children and adolescents, but few publications focused on young children. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to examine the impact of physical activity (PA) on the cognitive aspects of self-regulation (inhibition, attention, and working memory, in preschool-aged (3-6 years old) children. The following databases were searched for articles: PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and ERIC. References of the reviewed papers were screened for the identification of additional articles to be included in the review. Randomized control trials were reviewed to assess the impact of PA interventions on the cognitive aspects of self-regulation. There were six articles included in this review. Each study assessed at least one cognitive aspect of self-regulation [attention ( = 4), working memory ( = 2), and inhibition ( = 5)]. Attention was the only aspect that consistently showed improvement as a result of the PA interventions (4 of 4 studies). Only one study showed a positive impact on working memory and 60% of studies (3 of 5 studies) reported a positive relationship between PA and inhibition. Overall, the findings from this review showed that a consistent relationship only existed between attention and PA. No clear relationships were evident between working memory and inhibition and PA.
先前的研究表明，体力活动与较大儿童和青少年的自我调节之间存在积极关系，但很少有出版物关注幼儿。因此，本综述的目的是研究体力活动（PA）对学龄前儿童（3-6 岁）自我调节的认知方面（抑制、注意力和工作记忆）的影响。本研究检索了以下数据库中的文章：PubMed、SPORTDiscus、PsycINFO 和 ERIC。综述论文的参考文献也进行了筛选，以确定其他要纳入综述的文章。回顾了随机对照试验，以评估 PA 干预对自我调节认知方面的影响。本综述纳入了 6 篇文章。每项研究都评估了自我调节的至少一个认知方面[注意力（=4）、工作记忆（=2）和抑制（=5）]。只有一项研究表明工作记忆有积极影响，而 60%的研究（5 项研究中的 3 项）报告了 PA 与抑制之间存在积极关系。总体而言，本综述的结果表明，注意力和 PA 之间仅存在一致的关系。工作记忆和抑制与 PA 之间没有明显的关系。
