Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, CHN, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Servicio Navarro de Salud, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31080, Pamplona, Spain.
IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
World J Pediatr. 2020 Dec;16(6):614-622. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00393-x. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
Coronavirus disease 2019 in children, or pediatric COVID-19, initially was described as an acute respiratory syndrome similar to the adult presentation but with less severe manifestations.
We describe the clinical characteristics, disease presentation, treatments and outcomes of all pediatric cases with COVID-19 admitted to the reference hospitals in Navarra, Spain during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak (February-May 2020).
We found a low number of hospitalized cases in infants and children compared to adults with a hospitalization ratio of 1:180. Most of these hospitalized cases did not suffer from severe disease. Over 80% of infections reported household contacts, and the mother was the known-contact in 83% of these cases. 72% of hospitalized cases were previously healthy children. We describe how symptoms in pediatric cases are nonspecific and how COVID-19 can be presented with a wide range and variety of symptoms. Respiratory symptoms are not always present, and severe neurological and cardiac features can occur in previously healthy children.
Epidemiological description and case reports will be key to a better recognition and to adequate treatment of pediatric patients with COVID-19.
儿童感染 2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19），又称小儿 COVID-19，最初被描述为一种类似于成人表现的急性呼吸道综合征，但症状较轻。
我们描述了西班牙纳瓦拉自治区参考医院在 2020 年 COVID-19 疫情第一波期间（2 月至 5 月）收治的所有 COVID-19 儿科病例的临床特征、疾病表现、治疗方法和结局。
与成人相比，婴儿和儿童的住院病例数量较少，住院比例为 1:180。这些住院病例大多没有患严重疾病。超过 80%的感染报告有家庭接触者，而母亲是这些病例中已知接触者的 83%。72%的住院患儿既往健康。我们描述了儿科病例的症状如何是非特异性的，以及 COVID-19 如何表现出广泛而多样的症状。呼吸道症状并非总是存在，既往健康的儿童也可能出现严重的神经和心脏特征。
对小儿 COVID-19 的更好认识和适当治疗将依赖于对其进行的流行病学描述和病例报告。
