Dentistry Department, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, P.O. Box 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil.
Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), P.O. Box 1429, 90619-900, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil.
J R Soc Interface. 2020 Sep;17(170):20200650. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0650. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
Micro and nanoscale changes allow the optimization of physico-chemical properties of titanium implant surfaces. Recently UV and plasma treatments have allowed surface hydrophilicity to take increased prominence; however, this beneficial effect is short-lived. The aim of this study is to investigate methodologies post-anodizing treatment to generate and maintain high surface hydrophilicity along with high biocompatibility. Anodized surfaces were characterized regarding physical-chemical properties. Then, surface wettability with nanomorphology was evaluated at different times and with distinct post-treatments: as deposited, with a reactive plasma and UV-light post-treatment, stored in air or deionized (DI) water. Adhesion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and bone cell viability tests were executed after the incremental treatments. The anodizing process generated a surface with TiO nanotubes morphology and micro-roughness. Plasma-treated surfaces resulted in the most hydrophilic samples and this property was maintained for a longer period when those were stored in DI water (angle variation of 7° to 12° in 21 days). Furthermore, plasma post-treatment changed the titanium surface crystalline phase from amorphous to anatase. Anodized surfaces modified by reactive plasma and stored in DI water suggest better hydrophilicity stability, biocompatibility, ALP activity and achievement of crystalline phase alteration, indicating future potential use on biomedical implants.
微纳尺度的变化允许优化钛植入物表面的物理化学性质。最近，紫外线和等离子体处理使表面亲水性得到了增强；然而，这种有益的效果是短暂的。本研究的目的是探讨后阳极氧化处理的方法，以产生和保持高表面亲水性和高生物相容性。对阳极氧化表面进行了物理化学性质的表征。然后，在不同时间和不同的后处理条件下（沉积态、反应性等离子体和紫外光后处理、在空气中或去离子水中储存），评估了纳米形貌的表面润湿性。在进行递增处理后，进行了附着力、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性和骨细胞活力测试。阳极氧化过程产生了具有 TiO 纳米管形貌和微观粗糙度的表面。等离子体处理后的表面呈现出最亲水的样品，并且当这些样品储存在去离子水中时，这种特性可以保持更长时间（21 天内角度变化为 7°至 12°）。此外，等离子体后处理将钛表面的晶体相从非晶态转变为锐钛矿。经反应性等离子体处理并储存在去离子水中的阳极氧化表面表明具有更好的亲水性稳定性、生物相容性、ALP 活性和实现晶体相转变的能力，这表明它们在生物医学植入物上具有未来的潜在应用。
