Clinical Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia.
J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2021 Mar;11(1):42-45. doi: 10.2991/jegh.k.200902.001. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
China's vigorous anti-COVID-19 campaign has been going on for three months since January 20, which has contained the spread of the virus across China.
Epidemiological investigations found that COVID-19 fatality rates in Wuhan, rest parts of Hubei province except Wuhan (Rest of Hubei) and rest parts of Mainland China except Hubei province (Rest of China) were different. An ecological study was conducted to analyze the reasons and provide the world with China's anti-COVID-19 epidemic experiences.
Infected cases from Mainland China were divided into three populations: Wuhan, Rest of Hubei and Rest of China. Methods were based on Total confirmed cases, daily severe cases, total deaths from February 12 to April 20 were collected for statistical analysis.
50,333 total confirmed cases in Wuhan made up the most substantial part by comparison with 17,795 in Rest of Hubei and 14,630 in Rest of China, respectively. In the early stage of the COVID-19 epidemic, daily severe cases in Wuhan accounted for the majority, and as the epidemic controlled, severe cases in all three populations decreased. Total deaths in Wuhan constituted the most significant proportion, with the highest 3869 in contrast to 643 in Rest of Hubei and 120 in Rest of China. The fatality rates in Wuhan ranged from 2.82% to 7.69%, much higher than 1.80-3.61% in Rest of Hubei, and 0.49-0.88% in Rest of China. Pearson chi-square test for fatality rates in the three populations demonstrated significant differences ( < 0.01).
The ecological comparison study among the three populations have proved that social distancing, quarantine, lockdown, cutting off sources of infection and transmission routes, early detection, early isolation, early treatment are all vital to control the epidemic by reducing COVID-19 confirmed cases, severe cases and the fatality rate.
自 2020 年 1 月 20 日以来，中国开展了为期三个月的抗击新冠肺炎疫情的“战疫”，有效遏制了疫情在中国的扩散。
流行病学调查发现，武汉市、湖北省武汉市以外地区（湖北省其他地区）和中国湖北省以外地区（中国其他地区）的新冠肺炎病死率存在差异。本生态研究旨在分析原因，并为世界提供中国抗击新冠肺炎疫情的经验。
中国大陆的感染病例分为三个群体：武汉、湖北省其他地区和中国其他地区。方法基于 2 月 12 日至 4 月 20 日的总确诊病例数、每日重症病例数和总死亡人数进行统计分析。
与湖北省其他地区的 17795 例和中国其他地区的 14630 例相比，武汉市共有 50333 例确诊病例，占比最大。在新冠肺炎疫情早期，武汉市每日重症病例数居多，随着疫情得到控制，三个地区的重症病例数均有所下降。武汉市的总死亡人数构成比例最大，为 3869 例，而湖北省其他地区和中国其他地区分别为 643 例和 120 例。武汉市病死率在 2.82%至 7.69%之间，远高于湖北省其他地区的 1.80%至 3.61%，以及中国其他地区的 0.49%至 0.88%。对三个地区病死率的 Pearson 卡方检验表明差异具有统计学意义（<0.01）。
对三个地区的生态比较研究表明，通过减少新冠肺炎确诊病例、重症病例和病死率，采取社交距离、隔离、封锁、切断传染源和传播途径、早发现、早隔离、早治疗等措施对控制疫情至关重要。
