Rijsterborgh H, Roelandt J
Ultrasound Med Biol. 1987 May;13(5):241-8. doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(87)90096-2.
The application of Bernoulli's law allows the non-invasive estimation of pressure drops across stenotic valves from Doppler velocity measurements. However, several assumptions are to be made, which influence the accuracy of the pressure drop estimation. Energy losses, non-uniform velocity profiles, pressure recovery, unsteady flow and omission of the upstream velocity affect accuracy and are critically reviewed. In vitro experiments, published in the literature, show good correlations between estimated and actual pressure drop. In only one of these studies does the data allow a comparison between theory and practice and to study the relationship between the pressure drop at the inlet of the obstruction and the Doppler velocity measurement. It appears that this relationship is not completely described by the simplified Bernoulli equation. In vivo verifications of Bernoulli's law show favourable correlations. However, the expected differences between peak pressure drops measured by cardiac catheterization and the pressure drops estimated by Doppler echocardiography may be as high as 25 mmHg.
应用伯努利定律可通过多普勒速度测量对狭窄瓣膜两端的压力降进行无创估计。然而，需要做出几个假设，这会影响压力降估计的准确性。能量损失、非均匀速度分布、压力恢复、不稳定流动以及上游速度的忽略都会影响准确性，对此进行了严格审查。文献中发表的体外实验表明，估计的压力降与实际压力降之间具有良好的相关性。在这些研究中，只有一项研究的数据允许对理论与实践进行比较，并研究梗阻入口处的压力降与多普勒速度测量之间的关系。似乎简化的伯努利方程并未完全描述这种关系。伯努利定律的体内验证显示出良好的相关性。然而，通过心导管检查测得的峰值压力降与通过多普勒超声心动图估计的压力降之间的预期差异可能高达25 mmHg。
