Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Km 02, Pham Van Dong Road, Co Nhue 1, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, 11917, Vietnam.
Plant Biotechnol J. 2021 Feb;19(2):230-239. doi: 10.1111/pbi.13490. Epub 2020 Nov 9.
Gene editing and/or allele introgression with absolute precision and control appear to be the ultimate goals of genetic engineering. Precision genome editing in plants has been developed through various approaches, including oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis (ODM), base editing, prime editing and especially homologous recombination (HR)-based gene targeting. With the advent of CRISPR/Cas for the targeted generation of DNA breaks (single-stranded breaks (SSBs) or double-stranded breaks (DSBs)), a substantial advancement in HR-mediated precise editing frequencies has been achieved. Nonetheless, further research needs to be performed for commercially viable applications of precise genome editing; hence, an alternative innovative method for genome editing may be required. Within this scope, we summarize recent progress regarding precision genome editing mediated by microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) and discuss their potential applications in crop improvement.
基因编辑和/或等位基因导入具有绝对的精确性和可控性，似乎是基因工程的最终目标。通过各种方法，包括寡核苷酸指导的诱变（ODM）、碱基编辑、Prime 编辑，特别是同源重组（HR）为基础的基因靶向，已经在植物中开发出精确的基因组编辑。随着 CRISPR/Cas 用于靶向产生 DNA 断裂（单链断裂（SSBs）或双链断裂（DSBs）），HR 介导的精确编辑频率有了显著提高。尽管如此，为了实现精确基因组编辑的商业可行应用，还需要进一步研究；因此，可能需要一种替代的创新基因组编辑方法。在这一范围内，我们总结了由微同源介导末端连接（MMEJ）介导的精确基因组编辑的最新进展，并讨论了它们在作物改良中的潜在应用。
