Kazemi-Karyani Ali, Safari-Faramani Roya, Amini Saeed, Ramezani-Doroh Vajiheh, Berenjian Farzan, Dizaj Mohammad Yahyavi, Hashempour Reza, Dizaj Jafar Yahyavi
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Health Management, Health School, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2020 Aug 31;9:199. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_483_20. eCollection 2020.
The prevalence of viral diseases is on the rise and has caused many problems for public health. COVID-19 is a new viral outbreak in the world. This study aimed to investigate the trends of incidence and case fatality rate (CFR) of COVID-19 in the world by April 30, 2020.
This was a descriptive-analytical study. We investigated the number of cases and deaths in 35 selected countries and regions of the WHO that had at least 10,000 cases by the time of the study. In addition, the incidence and CFR of COVID-19 were investigated. Finally, time trends of the number of cases, deaths, and CFR were investigated using ordinary least squares regression models.
The total number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 was 3,090,184. The European region had the highest number of COVID-19 patients (1,434,649 [46.43%]). Ukraine with 10,406 and the USA with 1,003,974 cases have reported the lowest and highest confirmed cases, respectively. In addition, the European region and the African region with 157.13 and 2.50 patients per 100,000 population had the highest and the lowest incidence rate, respectively. India (2.44) and Spain (455.69) had the lowest and the highest incidence rate per 100,000 population, respectively. In the world, 217,759 deaths have happened, of which 135,961 (62.44%) were reported in the European region. Furthermore, the USA had the highest number of deaths (52,428) due to COVID-19. CFR was 7.05% in the world, which ranged from 3.74% in the African region and 9.48% in the European region. The number of patients and deaths due to COVID-19 had increasing trends in all countries, and the trend of CFR just for Iran and Ukraine was negative.
The countries had different trends in the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. However, regarding the increasing trend of the disease in the world, it will be more important to rely on public prevention strategies. It is necessary to apply and continue public health policies at national and global levels till the control of the disease.
病毒性疾病的流行率正在上升，并给公共卫生带来了诸多问题。新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）是全球范围内新出现的病毒性疫情。本研究旨在调查截至2020年4月30日全球COVID-19的发病率和病死率（CFR）趋势。
这是一项描述性分析研究。我们调查了世界卫生组织选定的35个国家和地区的病例数和死亡数，这些国家和地区在研究时至少有10000例病例。此外，还调查了COVID-19的发病率和CFR。最后，使用普通最小二乘回归模型研究病例数、死亡数和CFR的时间趋势。
COVID-19确诊病例总数为3090184例。欧洲区域的COVID-19患者数量最多（1434649例[46.43%]）。乌克兰报告的确诊病例数最少，为10406例，美国报告的确诊病例数最多，为1003974例。此外，欧洲区域和非洲区域的发病率最高和最低，分别为每10万人口157.13例和2.50例。印度（2.44例）和西班牙（455.69例）的发病率分别为每10万人口最低和最高。全球共有217759人死亡，其中欧洲区域报告了135961例（62.44%）。此外，美国因COVID-19死亡的人数最多（52428例）。全球CFR为7.05%，非洲区域为3.74%，欧洲区域为9.48%。所有国家因COVID-19导致的患者数和死亡数均呈上升趋势，仅伊朗和乌克兰的CFR趋势为负。
各国COVID-19的发病率和死亡率趋势不同。然而，鉴于该疾病在全球呈上升趋势，依靠公共预防策略将更为重要。在疾病得到控制之前，有必要在国家和全球层面实施并持续推行公共卫生政策。
