Frahsa Annika, Thiel Ansgar
Institute of Sport Science, University of Tüebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tüebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Front Public Health. 2020 Sep 24;8:571054. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.571054. eCollection 2020.
The functionalisation of play basically stems from the diagnosis of a global childhood inactivity crisis, the so-called "children's obesity pandemic." Hence, in the context of the activity-related guidelines, children's play appears no longer to be unproductive and purpose-free. It is rather considered an anti-obesity tool that will help children to meet physical activity recommendations. It is questionable whether such a functionalised tool can also provide what has been called the salience of the pleasures of free-play for children. Furthermore, a "normalization" of functionalised practices of play, in turn, could stigmatize children who do not or cannot adhere to these practices. Based upon this background, this paper will take a critical sociology perspective to analyse the functionalisation and medicalisation of children's play in an individualized, mediatized, and pedagogised society. In this sense, the paper aims to pay attention to how the primary goal of play in the sense of "simply make children happy" has given way to the goal of making them healthy and functional.
游戏的功能化基本上源于对全球儿童缺乏运动危机的诊断，即所谓的“儿童肥胖大流行”。因此，在与活动相关的指导方针背景下，儿童游戏似乎不再是无成效且无目的的。相反，它被视为一种有助于儿童达到体育活动建议量的抗肥胖工具。这样一种功能化的工具是否也能提供所谓自由游戏带给儿童的愉悦感，这是值得怀疑的。此外，游戏功能化实践的“常态化”反过来可能会使那些不遵循或无法遵循这些实践的儿童受到 stigmatize（此处原文可能有误，推测为stigmatize，意为“使受耻辱”）。基于这一背景，本文将从批判性社会学的角度，分析在一个个体化、媒介化和教育化的社会中儿童游戏的功能化和医学化。从这个意义上说，本文旨在关注“仅仅让孩子快乐”这一游戏的首要目标是如何让位于使他们健康且具备功能性这一目标。
