Tang Zhongmin, Kong Na, Zhang Xingcai, Liu Yuan, Hu Ping, Mou Shan, Liljeström Peter, Shi Jianlin, Tan Weihong, Kim Jong Seung, Cao Yihai, Langer Robert, Leong Kam W, Farokhzad Omid C, Tao Wei
Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA.
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA.
Nat Rev Mater. 2020;5(11):847-860. doi: 10.1038/s41578-020-00247-y. Epub 2020 Oct 14.
The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlights the importance of materials science in providing tools and technologies for antiviral research and treatment development. In this Review, we discuss previous efforts in materials science in developing imaging systems and microfluidic devices for the in-depth and real-time investigation of viral structures and transmission, as well as material platforms for the detection of viruses and the delivery of antiviral drugs and vaccines. We highlight the contribution of materials science to the manufacturing of personal protective equipment and to the design of simple, accurate and low-cost virus-detection devices. We then investigate future possibilities of materials science in antiviral research and treatment development, examining the role of materials in antiviral-drug design, including the importance of synthetic material platforms for organoids and organs-on-a-chip, in drug delivery and vaccination, and for the production of medical equipment. Materials-science-based technologies not only contribute to the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 research efforts but can also provide platforms and tools for the understanding, protection, detection and treatment of future viral diseases.
持续的新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行凸显了材料科学在为抗病毒研究和治疗开发提供工具和技术方面的重要性。在本综述中，我们讨论了材料科学以往在开发成像系统和微流控设备以深入实时研究病毒结构和传播方面所做的努力，以及用于病毒检测、抗病毒药物和疫苗递送的材料平台。我们强调了材料科学对个人防护装备制造以及对简单、准确和低成本病毒检测设备设计的贡献。然后，我们研究了材料科学在抗病毒研究和治疗开发方面未来的可能性，审视了材料在抗病毒药物设计中的作用，包括合成材料平台对类器官和芯片上器官的重要性、在药物递送和疫苗接种以及医疗设备生产中的作用。基于材料科学的技术不仅有助于当前针对新型冠状病毒的研究工作，还能为未来病毒性疾病的理解、防护、检测和治疗提供平台和工具。
