Cui Lei, Wang Jue, Zhang Yingliang, Cong Fengjiao, Zhang Wenxin, Hyönä Jukka
Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2021 Apr;74(4):610-633. doi: 10.1177/1747021820973661. Epub 2020 Nov 27.
In two eye-tracking studies, reading of two-character Chinese compound words was examined. First and second character frequency were orthogonally manipulated to examine the extent to which Chinese compound words are processed via the component characters. In Experiment 1, first and second character frequency were manipulated for frequent compound words, whereas in Experiment 2 it was done for infrequent compound words. Fixation time and skipping probability for the first and second character were affected by its frequency in neither experiment, nor in their pooled analysis. Yet, in Experiment 2 fixations on the second character were longer when a high-frequency character was presented as the first character compared with when a low-frequency character was presented as the first character. This reversed character frequency effect reflects a morphological family size effect and is explained by the constraint hypothesis, according to which fixation time on the second component of two-component compound words is shorter when its identity is constrained by the first component. It is concluded that frequent Chinese compound words are processed holistically, whereas with infrequent compound words there is some room for the characters to play a role in the identification process.
在两项眼动追踪研究中，对双字中文复合词的阅读进行了考察。对首字和次字的频率进行了正交操纵，以检验中文复合词通过组成字进行加工的程度。在实验1中，对高频复合词操纵首字和次字的频率，而在实验2中，则对低频复合词进行同样的操纵。在两个实验中，以及在它们的合并分析中，首字和次字的注视时间和跳过概率均不受其频率的影响。然而，在实验2中，当首字呈现高频字时，对次字的注视时间比对首字呈现低频字时更长。这种反转的字频效应反映了一种形态族大小效应，并由约束假说进行解释，根据该假说，当双字复合词第二个成分的身份受到第一个成分的约束时，对它的注视时间会更短。研究得出结论，高频中文复合词是整体加工的，而对于低频复合词，组成字在识别过程中仍有一定作用空间。
