School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil.
Int J Pharm. 2020 Dec 15;591:120013. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120013. Epub 2020 Oct 24.
Permeation of sunscreens agents reduces its effectiveness and safety, leading to systemic circulation and causing unknown adverse effects. In order to maintain the sunscreen efficacy and safety, the filters must stay on the skin surface, with minimum penetration through dermis. Even facing the possibility of filters permeation, the use of sunscreen is important to avoid skin damage as erythema, free-radicals formation, skin ageing and skin cancer, caused by ultraviolet radiation. Aiming potential side effects caused by topical absorption of sunscreens, studies are carried to improve formulation characteristics and stability, reduce skin permeation and evaluate sun protections factor (SPF). Current assays to detect the permeation of sunscreens involve in vivo or in vitro studies, to simulate physiological conditions of use. The aim of this review is to revisit sunscreen skin permeation data over the last decade and the factors that can enhance skin permeation or improve the sunscreen efficacy.
防晒霜成分的渗透会降低其功效和安全性，导致其进入全身循环系统，并引起未知的不良反应。为了保持防晒霜的功效和安全性，防晒剂必须留在皮肤表面，尽量减少穿透真皮。即使有过滤器渗透的可能性，使用防晒霜对于避免紫外线辐射引起的皮肤损伤，如红斑、自由基形成、皮肤老化和皮肤癌，仍然非常重要。为了研究防晒霜经皮吸收可能产生的副作用，人们进行了相关研究，旨在改善配方特性和稳定性、减少皮肤渗透并评估防晒因子 (SPF)。目前检测防晒霜渗透的方法包括体内或体外研究，以模拟使用的生理条件。本综述的目的是回顾过去十年中防晒霜的皮肤渗透数据，以及可以增强皮肤渗透或提高防晒霜功效的因素。
