Jang Kyoung-Mi, Kim Myung-Sun, Kim Do-Won
Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, South Korea.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2020 Sep 7;14:580813. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.580813. eCollection 2020.
This study investigated deficits of spatial working memory in college students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits using event-related potentials (ERPs) and the spatial 2-back task. We also computed sensory-level activity using EEG data and investigated theta and alpha neural oscillations, phase-locking values (PLV), and brain networks. Based on the scores from the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) and Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS), an ADHD-trait group ( = 40) and a normal control group ( = 41) were selected. Participants were required to respond to whether the presented stimulus was at the same location as that presented two trials earlier. The ADHD-trait group showed significantly slower response times than the control group in the spatial 2-back task. In terms of spectrum, the ADHD-trait group showed significantly reduced theta power than the control group. In contrast, the ADHD-trait group exhibited an increased alpha power compared to the control group with the 250-1000 ms interval after stimulus onset. In terms of the PLV, the ADHD-trait group showed significantly weaker theta phase synchrony and fewer connection numbers in frontal-occipital areas than the control group. In terms of the theta brain network, the ADHD-trait group showed a significantly lower clustering coefficient and longer characteristic path length than the control group for the theta band. The present results indicate that college students with ADHD traits have deficits in spatial working memory and that these abnormal activities in neural oscillation, functional connectivity, and the network may contribute to spatial working memory deficits.
本研究使用事件相关电位（ERP）和空间2-back任务，调查了具有注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）特质的大学生的空间工作记忆缺陷。我们还利用脑电图数据计算了感觉水平的活动，并研究了θ波和α波神经振荡、锁相值（PLV）和脑网络。根据成人ADHD自陈量表（ASRS）和康纳斯成人ADHD评定量表（CAARS）的得分，选取了ADHD特质组（n = 40）和正常对照组（n = 41）。参与者需要回答呈现的刺激是否与前两次试验中呈现的刺激位于同一位置。在空间2-back任务中，ADHD特质组的反应时间明显比对照组慢。在频谱方面，ADHD特质组的θ波功率比对照组显著降低。相比之下，在刺激开始后的250-1000毫秒间隔内，ADHD特质组的α波功率比对照组有所增加。在PLV方面，ADHD特质组在额枕区域的θ波相位同步明显较弱，连接数也比对照组少。在θ脑网络方面，ADHD特质组在θ波段的聚类系数显著低于对照组，特征路径长度也更长。目前的结果表明，具有ADHD特质的大学生存在空间工作记忆缺陷，并且神经振荡、功能连接和网络中的这些异常活动可能导致空间工作记忆缺陷。
