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2019冠状病毒病大流行期间牙科的感染控制:有哪些变化?

Infection control in dentistry during COVID - 19 pandemic: what has changed?

作者信息

Patel Mrudula

机构信息

Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, and Infection Control Services, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.

出版信息

Heliyon. 2020 Oct 30;6(10):e05402. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05402. eCollection 2020 Oct.


DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05402
PMID:33163669
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7640357/
Abstract

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has emerged disrupting many socio-economical and healthcare aspects across the world. This virus can be transmitted by symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals through saliva and contact. Due to its airborne transmission, aerosols created by natural activities and during dental treatment of infected individuals have become a potential vehicle of transmission and threat. The objective of this review was to assess the existing infection control measures taken in dental health-care settings and suggest modifications to reduce the transmission of novel coronavirus. This is a general review publication. Literature search was made at National Library of Medicine, Pubmed using key words such as "dentistry and COVID", "dentistry and COVID and infection control". Publications related to behaviour, education, ethics, treatment and childcare were excluded. Publications describing general aspects of infection control were reviewed. Keyword "Dentistry and COVID and Infection control" generated 70 publications which were reviewed. Infection control measures in dentistry are designed to minimise cross transmission mainly of blood borne pathogens. The unique nature of COVID-19 including highly infectious and transmissibility, and the ability to survive for a long time in the environment requires special attention and modification to the existing infection control measures which are highlighted here. In conclusion, a modified infection prevention and control (IPC) regime will protect the dental practitioner, assistant and staff, patients and the community. During the pandemic, drastic measures are necessary, however, during an endemic period measures can be remodified as necessary.

摘要

新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)大流行的出现扰乱了全球许多社会经济和医疗保健方面。这种病毒可通过有症状和无症状的个体通过唾液和接触传播。由于其空气传播,自然活动以及在对感染者进行牙科治疗期间产生的气溶胶已成为潜在的传播媒介和威胁。本综述的目的是评估牙科保健机构现有的感染控制措施,并提出改进建议以减少新型冠状病毒的传播。这是一篇一般性综述文章。在国立医学图书馆、PubMed上使用“牙科与COVID”、“牙科与COVID及感染控制”等关键词进行文献检索。排除了与行为、教育、伦理、治疗和儿童护理相关的出版物。对描述感染控制一般方面的出版物进行了综述。关键词“牙科与COVID及感染控制”产生了70篇经过综述的出版物。牙科中的感染控制措施旨在最大限度地减少主要经血传播病原体的交叉传播。COVID-19的独特性质,包括高传染性和传播性,以及在环境中长时间存活的能力,需要对现有的感染控制措施予以特别关注并进行改进,在此予以强调。总之,改进后的感染预防与控制(IPC)制度将保护牙科从业者、助手和工作人员、患者及社区。在大流行期间,采取严厉措施是必要的,然而,在地方性流行期间,措施可根据需要进行调整。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d3f5/7640357/95df9563fe65/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d3f5/7640357/b2e46b28bd00/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d3f5/7640357/95df9563fe65/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d3f5/7640357/b2e46b28bd00/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d3f5/7640357/95df9563fe65/gr2.jpg

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[6]
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[7]
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[8]
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[9]
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[10]
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本文引用的文献

[1]
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Lancet Microbe. 2020-5

[2]
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Lancet Infect Dis. 2020-3-23

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