Lavizzo-Mourey R J
J Natl Med Assoc. 1987 Oct;79(10):1033-8.
Dehydration is the most common fluid and electrolyte problem among the elderly. The usual causes of water loss are frequently absent in dehydrated elderly patients. Age-related changes in total body water, thirst perception, renal concentrating ability, and vasopressin effectiveness probably predispose to dehydration. Dehydration related to infection, high-protein tube feedings, cerebral vascular accidents, and medication-related hypodypsia are particularly relevant for elderly patients. Appropriate treatment depends on accurately assessing the water deficit and slowly correcting that deficit.
脱水是老年人中最常见的液体和电解质问题。脱水的老年患者常常不存在常见的失水原因。全身水量、口渴感知、肾脏浓缩能力和抗利尿激素有效性方面与年龄相关的变化可能易导致脱水。与感染、高蛋白管饲、脑血管意外以及药物相关的吞咽困难相关的脱水对老年患者尤为重要。恰当的治疗取决于准确评估缺水情况并缓慢纠正该缺水状况。
