Department of Health Sociology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, 1#, Xincheng Avenue, Songshanhu District, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory for Quality of Life and Psychological Assessment and Intervention, Guangdong Medical University, 1#, Xincheng Avenue, Songshanhu District, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020 Nov 9;18(1):360. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01605-8.
We compare the reliability and validity of the Short Form 36 (version 1, SF-36) and the Short Form 12 (version 1, SF-12) in adolescence, the period of life when a child develops into an adult, i.e., the period from puberty to maturity terminating legally at the age of majority (10-19 years), thus supplying evidence for the selection of instruments measuring the quality of life (QOL) and decision-making processes of adolescents in China.
Stratified cluster random sampling was adopted according to geographical location, and the SF-36 was administered to assess QOL. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to show correlation. Cronbach's alpha and construct reliability (CR) were used to evaluate the reliability of SF-36 and SF-12, while criterion validity and average variance extracted (AVE, convergence validity) were used to evaluate validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to calculate the load factors for the items of the SF-36 and SF-12, then to obtain the CR and AVE. The Semejima grade response model (logistic two-parameter module) in item response theory was used to estimate item discrimination, item difficulty, and item average information for the items of the SF-36 and SF-12.
19,428 samples were included in the study. The mean age of respondents was 14.78 years (SD = 1.77). Reliability of each domain of the SF-36 was better than for the corresponding domain of the SF-12. The domains of PF, RP, BP, and GH in SF-36 had good construct reliability (CR > 0.6). The criterion validities of some domains of the SF-36 were a little higher in some corresponding dimensions of the SF-12, except for PCS. The convergence validities of the SF-12 were higher than the SF-36 in PF, RP, BP, and PCS. The items of BP, SF, RP, and VT in the SF-12 had acceptable discrimination of items that were higher than in the SF-36. The items' average amounts of information on BP, VT, SF, RE, and MH in the SF-36 and SF-12 were poor.
Two component (PCS and MCS) measurements of the SF-12 appeared to perform at least as well as the SF-36 in cross-sectional settings in adolescence, but the reliability and validity of the 8 domains of the SF-36 were better than those of the SF-12. Some domains, for instance SF and BP, were not suitable for adolescents or need to be studied further.
本研究旨在比较青少年时期（即从青春期到成年的过渡阶段，法律规定的成年年龄为 10-19 岁）使用简短表格 36 项版本 1（SF-36）和简短表格 12 项版本 1（SF-12）评估生命质量（QOL）的可靠性和有效性，为中国青少年选择生命质量评估工具和决策过程提供证据。
采用地理分层整群随机抽样方法，使用 SF-36 评估 QOL。采用 Pearson 相关系数表示相关性。采用 Cronbach's alpha 和结构可靠性（CR）评估 SF-36 和 SF-12 的可靠性，采用效标效度和平均方差提取（AVE，收敛效度）评估有效性。采用验证性因子分析计算 SF-36 和 SF-12 各项目的负荷因子，然后获得 CR 和 AVE。采用项目反应理论中的 Semejima 等级反应模型（逻辑二参数模块）估计 SF-36 和 SF-12 各项目的项目区分度、项目难度和项目平均信息量。
共纳入 19428 名研究对象。调查对象的平均年龄为 14.78 岁（标准差=1.77）。SF-36 各领域的可靠性均优于 SF-12 相应领域。SF-36 的 PF、RP、BP 和 GH 领域具有较好的结构可靠性（CR>0.6）。SF-36 的某些领域的效标效度在 SF-12 的某些相应维度上略高，除了 PCS 以外。SF-12 的 PF、RP、BP 和 PCS 领域的收敛效度均高于 SF-36。SF-12 的 BP、SF、RP 和 VT 项目的项目区分度高于 SF-36。SF-36 和 SF-12 的 BP、VT、SF、RE 和 MH 项目的信息量平均值均较差。
在青少年的横断面研究中，SF-12 的两个分量（PCS 和 MCS）测量结果似乎至少与 SF-36 一样有效，但 SF-36 的 8 个领域的可靠性和有效性均优于 SF-12。某些领域，例如 SF 和 BP，可能不适合青少年，或需要进一步研究。
