Marzoa Jansana María Dolores, Tárraga López Pedro Juan, Guarro Miquel Juan José, López-González Ángel Arturo, Riutord Sbert Pere, Busquets-Cortés Carla, Ramírez-Manent José Ignacio
ADEMA-Health Group, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Spain.
Faculty of Medicine, UCLM (University of Castilla La Mancha), 02008 Albacete, Spain.
Med Sci (Basel). 2025 Aug 11;13(3):122. doi: 10.3390/medsci13030122.
Insulin resistance (IR) is a key pathogenic mechanism underlying numerous cardiometabolic disorders. While sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of IR are well-established, their association with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remains understudied. This study explores the relationship between IR risk, as measured by TyG, METS-IR, and SPISE-IR indices, and HRQoL in a large cohort of Spanish workers. This cross-sectional study included 100,014 Spanish workers aged 18-69 years evaluated between January 2021 and December 2023. Exclusion criteria included incomplete clinical, laboratory, or questionnaire data. IR was assessed using TyG, METS-IR, and SPISE-IR indices. HRQoL was measured using the SF-12 questionnaire. Sociodemographic factors, physical activity (IPAQ), dietary habits (MEDAS-14), and social class (based on CNAE-11 and Spanish Society of Epidemiology criteria) were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v29.0. Higher IR risk was consistently associated with older age, male sex, lower social class, current smoking, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical inactivity. Lower HRQoL scores (both physical and mental components) were significantly associated with higher IR indices, particularly with METS-IR and SPISE-IR. These associations persisted after adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioral covariates. This study demonstrates a robust association between insulin resistance risk and diminished health-related quality of life. The integration of validated IR indices and subjective health perception tools such as the SF-12 may enhance early identification of at-risk individuals in occupational health settings.
胰岛素抵抗（IR）是众多心脏代谢紊乱背后的关键致病机制。虽然IR的社会人口统计学和生活方式决定因素已得到充分证实，但其与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的关联仍研究不足。本研究探讨了用TyG、METS-IR和SPISE-IR指数衡量的IR风险与一大群西班牙工人的HRQoL之间的关系。这项横断面研究纳入了2021年1月至2023年12月期间评估的100,014名18 - 69岁的西班牙工人。排除标准包括临床、实验室或问卷数据不完整。使用TyG、METS-IR和SPISE-IR指数评估IR。使用SF-12问卷测量HRQoL。还评估了社会人口统计学因素、身体活动（IPAQ）、饮食习惯（MEDAS-14）和社会阶层（基于CNAE-11和西班牙流行病学协会标准）。使用SPSS v29.0进行统计分析。较高的IR风险始终与年龄较大、男性、社会阶层较低、当前吸烟、对地中海饮食的依从性低以及身体不活动有关。较低的HRQoL得分（身体和心理成分）与较高的IR指数显著相关，特别是与METS-IR和SPISE-IR。在调整社会人口统计学和行为协变量后，这些关联仍然存在。本研究表明胰岛素抵抗风险与健康相关生活质量下降之间存在密切关联。将经过验证的IR指数与诸如SF-12等主观健康感知工具相结合，可能会提高职业健康环境中对高危个体的早期识别。
