Alminderej Fahad, Bakari Sana, Almundarij Tariq I, Snoussi Mejdi, Aouadi Kaïss, Kadri Adel
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Faculty of Science of Sfax, Department of Chemistry, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Nov 10;9(11):1534. doi: 10.3390/plants9111534.
L. fruit is an important species used in folk medicine for different types of pains such as rheumatism, chills, flu, colds, muscular aches, and fever. This study examines the chemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and potential inhibitory effect against human peroxiredoxin 5, a key enzyme of essential oil from fruits. Using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the principal components were methyleugenol (41.31%) and eugenol (33.95%), followed by (E)-caryophyllene (5.65%), -cymene-8-ol (3.50%), 1,8-cineole (2.94%), and α-terpinolene (1.41%). Results showed similar scavenging activity via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC = 110.00 ± 0.08 μg/mL), as well as very potent antioxidant activity against both ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) (106.00 ± 0.11 μg/mL) and β-carotene bleaching (IC = 315.00 ± 2.08 μg/mL) assays when compared to positive butylated hydroxytoluene and ascorbic acid. The molecular docking approach has also been performed to screen the antioxidant activities of the major and potent compounds against human protein target peroxiredoxin 5. Results showed good binding profiles and attributed the strongest inhibitory activity to β-caryophyllene oxide (-5.8 kcal/mol), followed respectively by isocembrol and α-selinene (-5.4 kcal/mol), and viridiflorol (-5.1 kcal/mol). Furthermore, ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion)-related physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties have been assessed and support our in vitro findings. This work demonstrates the powerful antioxidant potency of cubeba pepper and paves the way for the discovery and development of antioxidant agent with high potency.
荜澄茄果实是民间医学中用于治疗多种疼痛的重要物种，如风湿、寒战、流感、感冒、肌肉疼痛和发烧。本研究考察了荜澄茄果实精油的化学成分、抗氧化活性以及对人体过氧化物还原酶5（一种关键酶）的潜在抑制作用。采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析，主要成分是甲基丁香酚（41.31%）和丁香酚（33.95%），其次是（E）-石竹烯（5.65%）、对伞花烃-8-醇（3.50%）、1,8-桉叶素（2.94%）和α-松油烯（1.41%）。结果表明，其通过2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基清除活性表现出类似的清除活性（IC₅₀ = 110.00 ± 0.08 μg/mL），并且与阳性对照丁基羟基甲苯和抗坏血酸相比，在铁还原/抗氧化能力（FRAP）（106.00 ± 0.11 μg/mL）和β-胡萝卜素漂白（IC₅₀ = 315.00 ± 2.08 μg/mL）测定中具有很强的抗氧化活性。还采用分子对接方法筛选了主要有效化合物对人体蛋白质靶点过氧化物还原酶5的抗氧化活性。结果显示出良好的结合模式，最强抑制活性归因于氧化石竹烯（-5.8 kcal/mol），其次分别是异西柏三烯醇和α-芹子烯（-5.4 kcal/mol）以及绿花白千层醇（-5.1 kcal/mol）。此外，还评估了与吸收、分布、代谢和排泄（ADME）相关的理化和药代动力学性质，支持了我们的体外研究结果。这项工作证明了荜澄茄强大的抗氧化能力，为发现和开发高效抗氧化剂铺平了道路。
