Hympanova Michaela, Terlep Saša, Markova Aneta, Prchal Lukáš, Dogsa Iztok, Pulkrabkova Lenka, Benkova Marketa, Marek Jan, Stopar David
Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Brno, Czechia.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Oct 20;11:573951. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.573951. eCollection 2020.
An increasing microbial resistance to known antibiotics raises a demand for new antimicrobials. In this study the antimicrobial properties of a series of new -Alkylpyridinium quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) with varying alkyl chain lengths were evaluated for several nosocomial pathogens. The chemical identities of the new QACs were determined by NMR, LC-MS, and HRMS. All the planktonic bacteria tested were susceptible to the new QACs as evaluated by MIC and MBC assays. The antimicrobial effect was most pronounced against clinical isolates. Live/dead staining CLSM was used to test the effectiveness of the QACs in biofilms. The effectiveness was up to 10-fold lower than in the plankton. When QACs were used as irrigants in Er:YAG - SSP photoacoustic steaming, their effectiveness significantly increased. The combined use of irrigants and photoacoustic streaming increased biofilm removal from the surface and increased the killing rate of the cells remaining on the surface. This may allow for a shorter chemical exposure time and lower dosage of QACs used in applications. The results demonstrate that the new QACs have potential to be applied as antibacterial compounds effective against planktonic and biofilm bacteria as well as irrigants in removal of difficult-to-reach biofilms.
微生物对已知抗生素的耐药性不断增加，引发了对新型抗菌药物的需求。在本研究中，评估了一系列具有不同烷基链长度的新型α-烷基吡啶鎓季铵化合物（QACs）对几种医院病原体的抗菌性能。通过核磁共振（NMR）、液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）和高分辨质谱（HRMS）确定了新型QACs的化学结构。通过最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）测定评估，所有测试的浮游细菌对新型QACs均敏感。抗菌效果对临床分离株最为显著。采用活/死染色共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）来测试QACs在生物膜中的有效性。其有效性比在浮游菌中低达10倍。当QACs用作掺铒钇铝石榴石（Er:YAG）-单次激发光声蒸汽疗法中的冲洗液时，其有效性显著提高。冲洗液与光声流的联合使用增加了生物膜从表面的清除，并提高了残留在表面的细胞的杀灭率。这可能允许在应用中缩短QACs的化学暴露时间并降低其使用剂量。结果表明，新型QACs有潜力作为有效对抗浮游菌和生物膜细菌的抗菌化合物以及用于清除难以触及的生物膜的冲洗液来应用。
