Verdeguer Mercedes, Sánchez-Moreiras Adela M, Araniti Fabrizio
Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Nov 13;9(11):1571. doi: 10.3390/plants9111571.
Weeds are one of the major constraints in crop production affecting both yield and quality. The excessive and exclusive use of synthetic herbicides for their management is increasing the development of herbicide-resistant weeds and is provoking risks for the environment and human health. Therefore, the development of new herbicides with multitarget-site activity, new modes of action and low impact on the environment and health are badly needed. The study of plant-plant interactions through the release of secondary metabolites could be a starting point for the identification of new molecules with herbicidal activity. Essential oils (EOs) and their components, mainly terpenoids, as pure natural compounds or in mixtures, because of their structural diversity and strong phytotoxic activity, could be good candidates for the development of new bioherbicides or could serve as a basis for the development of new natural-like low impact synthetic herbicides. EOs and terpenoids have been largely studied for their phytotoxicity and several evidences on their modes of action have been highlighted in the last decades through the use of integrated approaches. The review is focused on the knowledge concerning the phytotoxicity of these molecules, their putative target, as well as their potential mode of action.
杂草是作物生产中的主要限制因素之一，影响产量和品质。过度且单一地使用合成除草剂进行杂草管理，正在加剧抗除草剂杂草的产生，并对环境和人类健康构成风险。因此，迫切需要开发具有多靶点活性、新作用模式且对环境和健康影响较小的新型除草剂。通过释放次生代谢产物来研究植物与植物之间的相互作用，可能是鉴定具有除草活性新分子的起点。精油（EOs）及其成分，主要是萜类化合物，作为纯天然化合物或混合物，由于其结构多样性和强大的植物毒性活性，可能是开发新型生物除草剂的良好候选物，或者可以作为开发新型类天然低影响合成除草剂的基础。过去几十年来，通过综合方法对精油和萜类化合物的植物毒性及其作用模式进行了大量研究。本综述聚焦于有关这些分子的植物毒性、假定靶点及其潜在作用模式的知识。
