Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China.
College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, PR China.
Theranostics. 2020 Oct 30;10(26):12241-12262. doi: 10.7150/thno.52729. eCollection 2020.
The development of nanomedicine is expected to provide an innovative direction for addressing challenges associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. In the past decades, although nanotechnology-based phototherapy has been developed for antimicrobial treatment since it rarely causes bacterial resistance, the clinical application of single-mode phototherapy has been limited due to poor tissue penetration of light sources. Therefore, combinatorial strategies are being developed. In this review, we first summarized the current phototherapy agents, which were classified into two functional categories: organic phototherapy agents ( small molecule photosensitizers, small molecule photosensitizer-loaded nanoparticles and polymer-based photosensitizers) and inorganic phototherapy agents ( carbo-based nanomaterials, metal-based nanomaterials, composite nanomaterials and quantum dots). Then the development of emerging phototherapy-based combinatorial strategies, including combination with chemotherapy, combination with chemodynamic therapy, combination with gas therapy, and multiple combination therapy, are presented and future directions are further discussed. The purpose of this review is to highlight the potential of phototherapy to deal with bacterial infections and to propose that the combination therapy strategy is an effective way to solve the challenges of single-mode phototherapy.
纳米医学的发展有望为解决多药耐药（MDR）细菌相关的挑战提供创新方向。在过去几十年中，尽管基于纳米技术的光疗已被开发用于抗菌治疗，因为它很少引起细菌耐药性，但由于光源的组织穿透性差，单一模式光疗的临床应用受到限制。因此，正在开发组合策略。在这篇综述中，我们首先总结了当前的光疗剂，它们分为两类功能：有机光疗剂（小分子光敏剂、小分子光敏剂负载的纳米颗粒和基于聚合物的光敏剂）和无机光疗剂（基于碳的纳米材料、基于金属的纳米材料、复合纳米材料和量子点）。然后介绍了新兴的基于光疗的组合策略的发展，包括与化学疗法的联合、与化学动力学疗法的联合、与气体疗法的联合以及多种联合疗法，并进一步讨论了未来的方向。本综述的目的是强调光疗在处理细菌感染方面的潜力，并提出联合治疗策略是解决单一模式光疗挑战的有效途径。
