Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh, Gholipour Mahdi, Taheri Mohammad, Shirvani Farsani Zeinab
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Heliyon. 2020 Nov 6;6(11):e05436. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05436. eCollection 2020 Nov.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are human malignancies associated with both genetic and environmental factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of small non-coding RNAs have prominent roles in the development of this kind of cancer. Expressions of several miRNAs have been demonstrated to be increased in HNSCC samples vs. non-malignant tissues. prediction tools and functional analyses have confirmed the function of some miRNAs in the modulation of cancer-associated targets, thus indicating these miRNAs as onco-miRs. Moreover, numerous miRNAs have been down-regulated in HNSCC samples. Their targets mostly enhance cell proliferation or inhibit apoptosis. miRNAs signature has practical implications in the diagnosis, staging, and management of HNSC. Most notably, numerous miRNAs have been shown to alter response of tumor cells to anti-cancer drugs such as cisplatin and doxorubicin. Circulating levels of these small transcripts have been suggested as promising biomarkers for diagnosis of HNSCC. In the present manuscript, we sum up the available literature regarding the miRNAs signature in HNSCC and their role as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）是与遗传和环境因素相关的人类恶性肿瘤。微小RNA（miRNA）作为一类小的非编码RNA，在这类癌症的发生发展中起着重要作用。与非恶性组织相比，几种miRNA的表达已被证明在HNSCC样本中有所增加。预测工具和功能分析已证实一些miRNA在调节癌症相关靶点中的作用，因此表明这些miRNA为致癌miRNA。此外，许多miRNA在HNSCC样本中表达下调。它们的靶点大多增强细胞增殖或抑制细胞凋亡。miRNA特征在HNSC的诊断、分期和管理中具有实际意义。最值得注意的是，许多miRNA已被证明可改变肿瘤细胞对顺铂和阿霉素等抗癌药物的反应。这些小转录本的循环水平已被认为是诊断HNSCC的有前景的生物标志物。在本手稿中，我们总结了关于HNSCC中miRNA特征及其作为诊断/预后生物标志物作用的现有文献。
