Emerg Infect Dis. 2020 Dec;26(12):2825-2834. doi: 10.3201/eid2612.200303.
Rabies is a severe zoonotic disease in China, but the circulation and distribution of rabies virus (RABV) within animal reservoirs is not well understood. We report the results of 15 years of surveillance of the first Chinese Rabies Surveillance Plan in animal populations, in which animal brain tissues collected during 2004-2018 were tested for RABV and phylogenetic and spatial-temporal evolutionary analyses performed using obtained RABV sequences. The results have provided the most comprehensive dataset to date on the infected animal species, geographic distribution, transmission sources, and genetic diversity of RABVs in China. In particular, the transboundary transmission of emerging RABV subclades between China and neighboring countries was confirmed. The study highlights the importance of continuous animal rabies surveillance in monitoring the transmission dynamics, and provides updated information for improving current control and prevention strategies at the source.
狂犬病是中国一种严重的人畜共患病，但动物宿主中狂犬病病毒（RABV）的传播和分布尚不清楚。我们报告了中国首次狂犬病监测计划在动物群体中进行的 15 年监测结果，在该计划中，对 2004 年至 2018 年期间收集的动物脑组织进行了 RABV 检测，并对获得的 RABV 序列进行了系统进化和时空进化分析。结果提供了迄今为止最全面的数据集，涉及中国感染动物物种、地理分布、传播来源和 RABV 的遗传多样性。特别是，证实了中国和邻国之间新兴 RABV 亚群的跨界传播。该研究强调了持续进行动物狂犬病监测以监测传播动态的重要性，并为改进源头控制和预防策略提供了最新信息。
