Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 3520 Fifth Avenue, Suite 400, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Prev Sci. 2021 Feb;22(2):227-236. doi: 10.1007/s11121-020-01192-6. Epub 2020 Nov 21.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) impacts sexual minority adolescents at rates equal to or greater than the rate it impacts heterosexual adolescents. We investigated whether reports of physical and sexual IPV were less frequent in school jurisdictions with more affirming climates for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) students; and whether these associations varied for sexual orientation subgroups. We combined student-level data from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys on demographics and experiences with physical and sexual IPV with jurisdiction-level data from the 2014 School Health Profiles on LGBTQ-affirming school climate. Multilevel logistic regression models examined associations between LGBTQ-affirming school climates and IPV. We stratified our data by sex and examined whether these associations differed by sexual orientation subgroups using cross-level interaction terms between school climate and sexual orientation (assessed via sexual identity and behavior). Sexual minority youth were more likely to report experiencing past-year physical and sexual IPV than their heterosexual counterparts. Attending schools with more LGBTQ-affirming climates reduced the likelihood of reporting physical IPV, but not sexual IPV, for female students. More LGBTQ-affirming school climates increased risk for sexual IPV among gay male students. Establishing LGBTQ-affirming school climates may reduce physical IPV for female students, but may have unintended consequences on sexual IPV prevalence for gay male students. More work is necessary to ensure that these climates are affirming for all sexual minority students and to address sexual violence prevention.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）对性少数青少年的影响程度与异性恋青少年相当或更大。我们调查了在对女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别和 queer（LGBTQ）学生更肯定的学校管辖区，报告身体和性 IPV 的频率是否较低；以及这些关联是否因性取向亚组而异。我们将来自 2015 年青少年风险行为调查的学生层面数据与来自 2014 年学校健康状况调查的管辖区层面数据相结合，这些数据涉及人口统计和身体及性 IPV 经历，以及 LGBTQ 肯定的学校氛围。多水平逻辑回归模型检查了 LGBTQ 肯定的学校氛围与 IPV 之间的关联。我们按性别对数据进行分层，并通过学校氛围和性取向之间的交叉水平交互项（通过性身份和行为评估）来检查这些关联是否因性取向亚组而异。性少数青少年比异性恋同龄人更有可能报告过去一年经历过身体和性 IPV。在 LGBTQ 肯定的氛围中上学的学生，报告身体 IPV 的可能性降低，但女性学生的性 IPV 报告可能性没有降低。更肯定的 LGBTQ 学校氛围增加了男同性恋学生性 IPV 的风险。建立肯定 LGBTQ 的学校氛围可能会降低女学生的身体 IPV，但可能会对男同性恋学生的性暴力流行率产生意想不到的后果。需要做更多的工作来确保这些氛围对所有性少数学生都是肯定的，并解决性暴力预防问题。
