Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy.
Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy.
Molecules. 2020 Nov 19;25(22):5421. doi: 10.3390/molecules25225421.
Indian mustard or () is an oilseed plant used in many types of food (as mustard or IV range salad). It also has non-food uses (e.g., as green manure), and is a good model for phytoremediation of metals and pesticides. In recent years, it gained special attention due to its biological compounds and potential beneficial effects on human health. In this study, different tissues, namely leaves, stems, roots, and flowers of three accessions of : ISCI 99 (Sample A), ISCI Top (Sample B), and "Broad-leaf" (Sample C) were analyzed by HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS/MS. Most polyphenols identified were bound to sugars and phenolic acids. Among the three cultivars, Sample A flowers turned were the richest ones, and the most abundant bioactive identified was represented by Isorhamnetin 3,7-diglucoside (683.62 µg/100 mg dry weight (DW) in Sample A, 433.65 µg/100 mg DW in Sample B, and 644.43 µg/100 mg DW in Sample C). In addition, the most complex samples, viz. leaves were analyzed by GC-FID/MS. The major volatile constituents of L. leaves extract in the three cultivars were benzenepropanenitrile (34.94% in Sample B, 8.16% in Sample A, 6.24% in Sample C), followed by benzofuranone (8.54% in Sample A, 6.32% in Sample C, 3.64% in Sample B), and phytone (3.77% in Sample B, 2.85% in Sample A, 1.01% in Sample C). The overall evaluation of different tissues from three accessions, through chemical analysis of the volatile and non-volatile compounds, can be advantageously taken into consideration for future use as dietary supplements and nutraceuticals in food matrices.
芥菜或芥菜（ ）是一种用于许多类型食品的油籽植物（如芥末或 IV 范围沙拉）。它还有非食品用途（例如，作为绿肥），并且是金属和农药植物修复的良好模型。近年来，由于其生物化合物及其对人类健康的潜在有益影响，它引起了特别关注。在这项研究中，通过 HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS/MS 分析了三种芥菜：ISCI 99（样品 A）、ISCI Top（样品 B）和“阔叶”（样品 C）的不同组织，即叶片、茎、根和花。鉴定出的大多数多酚都与糖和酚酸结合。在这三个品种中，样品 A 的花朵含量最丰富，鉴定出的最丰富的生物活性物质是异鼠李素 3,7-二葡萄糖苷（样品 A 中为 683.62 µg/100 mg 干重（DW），样品 B 中为 433.65 µg/100 mg DW，样品 C 中为 644.43 µg/100 mg DW）。此外，还分析了最复杂的样品，即叶片，通过 GC-FID/MS。三个品种芥菜叶片提取物中的主要挥发性成分是苯丙腈（样品 B 中为 34.94%，样品 A 中为 8.16%，样品 C 中为 6.24%），其次是苯并呋喃酮（样品 A 中为 8.54%，样品 C 中为 6.32%，样品 B 中为 3.64%），和植物酮（样品 B 中为 3.77%，样品 A 中为 2.85%，样品 C 中为 1.01%）。通过对挥发性和非挥发性化合物的化学分析，对三种芥菜不同组织的综合评价，可以作为未来在食品基质中作为膳食补充剂和营养保健品使用的有利依据。
