Vieira Sara F, Ferreira Helena, Neves Nuno M
3B's Research Group, I3BS-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Nov 20;9(11):1157. doi: 10.3390/antiox9111157.
Chronic inflammation is characterized by an overproduction of several inflammatory mediators (e.g., reactive species and interleukins -IL) that play a central role in numerous diseases. The available therapies are often associated with serious side effects and, consequently, the need for safer drugs is of utmost importance. A plant traditionally used in the treatment of inflammatory conditions is . Therefore, conventional maceration and infusion of its leaves were performed to obtain hydroethanolic (HE-T) and aqueous extracts (AE-T), respectively. Their efficacy was compared to soxhlet extracts, namely aqueous (AE-S), hydroethanolic (HE-S), and ethanolic extracts (EE-S). Thin-layer chromatography demonstrated the presence of rosmarinic acid, carnosol, and/or carnosic acid in the different extracts. Generally, soxhlet provided extracts with higher antioxidant activities than traditional extraction. Moreover, under an inflammatory scenario, EE-S were the most effective, followed by HE-S, HE-T, AE-T, and AE-S, in the reduction of IL-6 and TNF-α production. Interestingly, the extracts presented higher or similar anti-inflammatory activity than diclofenac, salicylic acid, and celecoxib. In conclusion, the extraction method and the solvents of extraction influenced the antioxidant activity, but mainly the anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts. Therefore, this natural resource can enable the development of effective treatments for oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases.
慢性炎症的特征是几种炎症介质（如活性物质和白细胞介素-IL）过度产生，这些介质在众多疾病中起核心作用。现有的治疗方法往往伴有严重的副作用，因此，开发更安全的药物至关重要。一种传统上用于治疗炎症的植物是 。因此，分别对其叶子进行常规浸渍和煎煮，以获得水乙醇提取物（HE-T）和水提取物（AE-T）。将它们的功效与索氏提取物进行比较，即水提取物（AE-S）、水乙醇提取物（HE-S）和乙醇提取物（EE-S）。薄层色谱法表明不同提取物中存在迷迭香酸、鼠尾草酸和/或鼠尾草酚。一般来说，索氏提取法得到的提取物比传统提取法具有更高的抗氧化活性。此外，在炎症情况下，EE-S在降低IL-6和TNF-α产生方面最有效，其次是HE-S、HE-T、AE-T和AE-S。有趣的是，这些提取物的抗炎活性高于或类似于双氯芬酸、水杨酸和塞来昔布。总之，提取方法和提取溶剂影响了提取物的抗氧化活性，但主要影响了其抗炎活性。因此，这种天然资源有助于开发针对氧化应激和炎症性疾病的有效治疗方法。
