Pavić Valentina, Jakovljević Martina, Molnar Maja, Jokić Stela
Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Plants (Basel). 2019 Jan 9;8(1):16. doi: 10.3390/plants8010016.
Sage ( L.) is a good source of antioxidant compounds, carnosic acid and carnosol being the prominent ones. Both are soluble in CO₂, and our goal was to investigate the application of supercritical CO₂ extraction to obtain sage extracts rich in these compounds. The effect of pressure, temperature, and CO₂ flow rate on the carnosic acid and carnosol yield was studied. These variables were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The pressure significantly affected carnosol extraction, while the extraction of carnosic acid was affected by the pressure, temperature, and CO₂ flow rate. Carnosic acid content varied from 0.29⁻120.0 µg mg, and carnosol content from 0.46⁻65.5 µg mg. The optimal conditions according to RSM were a pressure of 29.5 MPa, a temperature of 49.1°C, and a CO₂ flow rate of 3 kg h, and the sage extract yield was calculated to be 6.54%, carnosic acid content 105 µg mg, and carnosol content 56.3 µg mg. The antioxidant activities of the sage extracts were evaluated by the scavenging activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Sage extract obtained at 30 MPa and 40°C with 2 kg h CO₂ flow rate with a carnosic acid content of 72 µg mg and carnosol content of 55 µg mg exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (80.0 ± 0.68%) amongst the investigated supercritical fluid extracts at 25 µg mL concentration. The antimicrobial properties of extracts were tested on four bacterial strains: , , , and . The extract with a carnosic acid content of 116 µg mg and a carnosol content of 60.6 µg mg was found to be the most potent agent against .
鼠尾草（L.）是抗氧化化合物的良好来源，其中尤以鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚最为突出。二者均溶于二氧化碳，我们的目标是研究超临界二氧化碳萃取法在获取富含这些化合物的鼠尾草提取物中的应用。研究了压力、温度和二氧化碳流速对鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚产率的影响。通过响应面法（RSM）对这些变量进行了优化。压力对鼠尾草酚的萃取有显著影响，而鼠尾草酸的萃取则受压力、温度和二氧化碳流速的影响。鼠尾草酸含量在0.29 - 120.0微克/毫克之间，鼠尾草酚含量在0.46 - 65.5微克/毫克之间。根据响应面法得出的最佳条件为压力29.5兆帕、温度49.1℃、二氧化碳流速3千克/小时，计算得出鼠尾草提取物产率为6.54%，鼠尾草酸含量为105微克/毫克，鼠尾草酚含量为56.3微克/毫克。通过2,2 - 二苯基 - 1 - 苦基肼（DPPH）清除活性评估了鼠尾草提取物的抗氧化活性。在25微克/毫升浓度下，在30兆帕、40℃、二氧化碳流速2千克/小时条件下获得的鼠尾草提取物，其鼠尾草酸含量为72微克/毫克，鼠尾草酚含量为55微克/毫克，在所研究的超临界流体提取物中表现出最高的抗氧化活性（80.0 ± 0.68%）。在四种细菌菌株上测试了提取物的抗菌性能： 、 、 和 。发现鼠尾草酸含量为最116微克/毫克、鼠尾草酚含量为60.6微克/毫克的提取物对 最具效力。
