Center for Long-Term Care Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
College of Nursing; and the Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Nutr Rev. 2021 Aug 9;79(9):976-987. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa118.
Diet may be one of the modifiable environmental factors that could reduce depressive symptoms or abate the development of depression without side effects. However, previous reviews mainly focused on general adult populations.
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the association between healthy dietary patterns and depression risk in older adults.
Eight databases were searched up to September 2019. The inclusion criteria were older adults aged ≥ 65 years, healthy dietary patterns, depression assessed by a physician or by validated screening tools, and quantitative study design.
Data were extracted independently by 2 researchers, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline was followed.
Meta-analysis was conducted by calculating the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs. A total of 18 eligible studies were meta-analyzed. Results showed that a healthy dietary pattern is associated with a reduced risk of depression in older adults (OR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.78-0.92; P < 0.001). There was high heterogeneity (I2 = 64.9%; P < 0.001) among the studies. Subgroup analyses indicated that sample size and depression screening tools were the main sources of study heterogeneity.
An inverse association between healthy dietary patterns and depression risk in older adults was found. However, the high heterogeneity among the studies should be considered.
PROSPERO registration no. CRD 42020169195.
饮食可能是一种可改变的环境因素，可以减轻抑郁症状或延缓抑郁的发展，且无副作用。然而，以前的综述主要集中在一般成年人群。
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在探讨健康饮食模式与老年人抑郁风险之间的关系。
截至 2019 年 9 月，共检索了 8 个数据库。纳入标准为年龄≥65 岁的老年人、健康的饮食模式、由医生或经过验证的筛查工具评估的抑郁、以及定量研究设计。
由 2 名研究人员独立提取数据，并遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南。
通过计算合并优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）进行荟萃分析。共纳入 18 项符合条件的研究进行荟萃分析。结果表明，健康的饮食模式与老年人抑郁风险降低相关（OR，0.85；95%CI，0.78-0.92；P<0.001）。研究之间存在高度异质性（I2=64.9%；P<0.001）。亚组分析表明，样本量和抑郁筛查工具是研究异质性的主要来源。
发现健康饮食模式与老年人抑郁风险之间存在负相关。然而，应该考虑到研究之间存在的高度异质性。
PROSPERO 注册号 CRD 42020169195。
