Huang Maoxian, Lin Hongxing, Xu Chang, Yu Qiuran, Wang Xiaodan, Qin Jian G, Chen Liqiao, Han Fenglu, Li Erchao
Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Nov 30;10(12):2246. doi: 10.3390/ani10122246.
To determine the response of Pacific white shrimp to different levels of dietary choline, juvenile white shrimp (1.75 ± 0.09 g) were fed six semi-purified diets supplemented with 0 (control), 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, and 12,000 mg/kg choline chloride for eight weeks. Growth performance, whole-body composition, serum characteristics and hepatopancreatic antioxidant indexes were evaluated. Meanwhile, serum metabolome and hepatopancreas transcriptome were performed to examine the overall difference in metabolite and gene expression. The weight gain, survival, specific growth rate, condition factor and hepatosomatic index were not affected by dietary choline levels. The shrimp fed 6000 mg/kg dietary choline chloride gained the maximal whole-body crude protein, which was significantly higher than that of shrimp fed with 12,000 mg/kg dietary choline. Serum total cholesterol of shrimp fed 6000 mg/kg dietary choline was higher than that in shrimp fed 4000 mg/kg choline. Dietary choline significantly decreased malondialdehyde content, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in shrimp hepatopancreas. Compared with the shrimp fed 6000 mg/kg dietary choline chloride, the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway was significantly enriched in the shrimp fed 0 mg/kg dietary choline chloride, and the choline content and bile salt-activated lipase-like expression were upregulated. The expression of trypsin-1-like in protein digestion and absorption pathway was significantly downregulated in the shrimp fed 12,000 mg/kg dietary choline chloride. Apolipoprotein D might be a potential biomarker in shrimp, and dietary choline played an important role in lipid metabolism, especially in the reduction of oxidative damage in . Based on the results of weight gain and degree of oxidative damage, 1082 mg/kg dietary choline could meet the growth requirement of , but 2822 mg/kg dietary choline was needed to reduce peroxidation damage.
为确定太平洋白虾对不同水平日粮胆碱的反应，将幼虾（1.75±0.09克）投喂六种半纯化日粮，分别添加0（对照）、2000、4000、6000、8000和12000毫克/千克氯化胆碱，为期八周。评估生长性能、全身体成分、血清特性和肝胰腺抗氧化指标。同时，进行血清代谢组学和肝胰腺转录组学分析，以检测代谢物和基因表达的总体差异。增重、存活率、特定生长率、肥满度和肝体指数不受日粮胆碱水平的影响。投喂6000毫克/千克日粮氯化胆碱的虾全身体粗蛋白含量最高，显著高于投喂12000毫克/千克日粮胆碱的虾。投喂6000毫克/千克日粮胆碱的虾血清总胆固醇高于投喂4000毫克/千克胆碱的虾。日粮胆碱显著降低了虾肝胰腺中丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性。与投喂6000毫克/千克日粮氯化胆碱的虾相比，投喂0毫克/千克日粮胆碱的虾甘油磷脂代谢途径显著富集，胆碱含量和胆汁盐激活脂肪酶样表达上调。在蛋白质消化和吸收途径中，投喂12000毫克/千克日粮胆碱的虾胰蛋白酶-1样表达显著下调。载脂蛋白D可能是虾的潜在生物标志物，日粮胆碱在脂质代谢中起重要作用，尤其是在降低太平洋白虾的氧化损伤方面。基于增重和氧化损伤程度的结果，1082毫克/千克日粮胆碱可满足太平洋白虾的生长需求，但需要２822毫克/千克日粮胆碱来减少过氧化损伤。
