Asemoloye Michael Dare, Tosi Solveig, Daccò Chiara, Wang Xiao, Xu Shihan, Marchisio Mario Andrea, Gao Wenyuan, Jonathan Segun Gbolagade, Pecoraro Lorenzo
School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2020 Nov 30;8(12):1912. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8121912.
Many free-living saprobic fungi are nature recruited organisms for the degradation of wastes, ranging from lignocellulose biomass to organic/inorganic chemicals, aided by their production of enzymes. In this study, fungal strains were isolated from contaminated crude-oil fields in Nigeria. The dominant fungi were selected from each site and identified as and based on morphological and molecular characterization, with site percentage incidences of 56.67% and 66.70%, respectively. Selected strains response/tolerance to complex hydrocarbon (used engine oil) was studied by growing them on Bushnell Haas (BH) mineral agar supplemented with the hydrocarbon at different concentrations, i.e., 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, with a control having dextrose. Hydrocarbon degradation potentials of these fungi were confirmed in BH broth culture filtrates pre-supplemented with 1% engine oil after 15 days of incubation using GC/MS. In addition, the presence of putative enzymes, laccase (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP) was confirmed in culture filtrates using appropriate substrates. The analyzed fungi grew in hydrocarbon supplemented medium with no other carbon source and exhibited 39.40% and 45.85% dose inhibition response (DIR) respectively at 20% hydrocarbon concentration. An enzyme activity test revealed that these two fungi produced more Lac than MnP and LiP. It was also observed through the GC/MS analyses that while acted on all hydrocarbon components in the used engine oil, only degraded the long-chain hydrocarbons and BTEX. This study confirms that and have the potential to be exploited in the bio-treatment and removal of hydrocarbons from polluted soils.
许多自由生活的腐生真菌是自然界中用于降解废物的生物，这些废物范围从木质纤维素生物质到有机/无机化学物质，它们通过产生酶来辅助降解。在本研究中，从尼日利亚受污染的原油田中分离出真菌菌株。从每个地点选择优势真菌，并根据形态学和分子特征鉴定为[具体真菌名称1]和[具体真菌名称2]，在各地点的发生率分别为56.67%和66.70%。通过将选定的菌株在补充有不同浓度（即5%、10%、15%和20%）碳氢化合物的布什内尔·哈斯（BH）矿物琼脂上生长，并以含有葡萄糖的培养基作为对照，研究了它们对复杂碳氢化合物（废机油）的响应/耐受性。在使用气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）孵育15天后，在预先补充1%机油的BH肉汤培养滤液中证实了这些真菌的碳氢化合物降解潜力。此外，使用合适的底物在培养滤液中证实了假定的酶漆酶（Lac）、锰过氧化物酶（MnP）和木质素过氧化物酶（LiP）的存在。所分析的真菌在没有其他碳源的碳氢化合物补充培养基中生长，在20%碳氢化合物浓度下分别表现出39.40%和45.85%的剂量抑制响应（DIR）。酶活性测试表明，这两种真菌产生的Lac比MnP和LiP更多。通过GC/MS分析还观察到，[具体真菌名称1]作用于废机油中的所有碳氢化合物成分，而[具体真菌名称2]仅降解长链碳氢化合物和苯系物。本研究证实，[具体真菌名称1]和[具体真菌名称2]有潜力用于生物处理和去除污染土壤中的碳氢化合物。
