Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuroimaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, PR China.
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA.
Biomaterials. 2021 Jan;268:120560. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120560. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecular carrier of genetic information that can be fabricated into functional nanomaterials in biochemistry and engineering fields. Those DNA nanostructures, synthesized via Watson-Crick base pairing, show a wide range of attributes along with excellent applicability, precise programmability, and extremely low cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In this review, the applications of functionalized DNA nanostructures in bioimaging and tumor therapy are summarized. We focused on approaches involving DNA origami nanostructures due to their widespread use in previous and current reports. Non-DNA origami nanostructures such as DNA tetrahedrons are also covered. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives regarding DNA nanostructures in the biomedical arena are discussed.
脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）是遗传信息的分子载体，在生物化学和工程领域可被制成功能纳米材料。这些通过沃森-克里克碱基配对合成的 DNA 纳米结构具有广泛的属性，同时具有出色的适用性、精确的可编程性以及在体外和体内极低的细胞毒性。在这篇综述中，总结了功能化 DNA 纳米结构在生物成像和肿瘤治疗中的应用。我们重点介绍了由于在以前和当前的报告中广泛使用而涉及 DNA 折纸纳米结构的方法。也涵盖了非 DNA 折纸纳米结构，如 DNA 四面体。最后，讨论了 DNA 纳米结构在生物医学领域的剩余挑战和前景。
