Mabrouk Mostafa, Taha Said K, Abdel Hamid Mohamed A, Kenawy Sayed H, Hassan Elham A, El-Bassyouni Gehan T
Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
OMF surgeon researcher in Surgery and Oral Medicine Dept., Oral and Dental Researches Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2020 Dec 1. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.34767.
Wollastonite with/without maghemite [(FeO), 0, 3 and 10 wt%] was prepared by facile wet precipitation method. Effect of FeO presence in the obtained nano-ceramics on physical structure, morphology, size and the mechanical features was evaluated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and universal testing machine. Moreover, the in vitro biomineralization was examined using simulated body fluid (SBF) by means of scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier transform infrared, and inductively coupled plasma. An in vivo study was conducted on 24 adult male mongrel dogs to test the biosafety of fabricated samples in the reconstruction of experimentally induced mandibular bone defects. Bone density was measured through cone beam computed tomography analysis conducted at 1 and 3 months following surgery. Wollastonite was the main phase in all the prepared samples however little maghemite was developed in Fe-containing samples. No remarkable changes were recognized for physical structure of obtained microcrystalline structures, however, a decrease in particle size was noted in the existence of FeO (10-15 nm) when compared to the pure wollastonite (30-50 nm). Mechanical features were dependent on the included FeO concentration within the wollastonite ceramic matrix. The degree of biomineralization of the samples immersed in SBF was elevated with the increase in FeO percentage. Clinically, the reconstruction of bone defects was uneventful without any adverse toxic effect. Bone density was significantly increased at 1 and 3 months (p < .001) in grafted defects compared to control ones. Increasing the doping concentrations of iron oxide was associated with significant increase (p < .001) of bone density in all induced defects. Due to the impressive healing effect of current fabricated nano-ceramics, they are recommended to be utilized as low cost bone graft alternatives.
采用简便的湿沉淀法制备了含/不含磁赤铁矿[(FeO)，含量分别为0、3%和10 wt%]的硅灰石。使用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和万能试验机评估了所得纳米陶瓷中FeO的存在对物理结构、形态、尺寸和力学性能的影响。此外，通过扫描电子显微镜/能量色散X射线、傅里叶变换红外光谱和电感耦合等离子体，利用模拟体液（SBF）对体外生物矿化进行了检测。对24只成年雄性杂种犬进行了体内研究，以测试制备的样品在修复实验性诱导的下颌骨缺损中的生物安全性。在术后1个月和3个月通过锥束计算机断层扫描分析测量骨密度。硅灰石是所有制备样品中的主要相，然而在含铁样品中形成了少量磁赤铁矿。所得微晶结构的物理结构未发现明显变化，但是与纯硅灰石（30 - 50 nm）相比，在FeO存在下（10 - 15 nm）粒径有所减小。力学性能取决于硅灰石陶瓷基体中所含FeO的浓度。浸泡在SBF中的样品的生物矿化程度随着FeO百分比的增加而提高。临床上，骨缺损的修复顺利，没有任何不良毒性作用。与对照缺损相比，移植缺损在1个月和3个月时骨密度显著增加（p < 0.001）。在所有诱导缺损中，增加氧化铁的掺杂浓度与骨密度的显著增加（p < 0.001）相关。由于当前制备的纳米陶瓷具有令人印象深刻的愈合效果，建议将它们用作低成本的骨移植替代品。
