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圈养马和野马粪便中双链DNA噬菌体的生态基因组学

The ecogenomics of dsDNA bacteriophages in feces of stabled and feral horses.

作者信息

Babenko V V, Millard A, Kulikov E E, Spasskaya N N, Letarova M A, Konanov D N, Belalov I S, Letarov A V

机构信息

FSC Physico-chemical Medicine FMBA, Russia.

Dept Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, UK.

出版信息

Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2020 Nov 10;18:3457-3467. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.10.036. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

The viromes of the mammalian lower gut were shown to be heavily dominated by bacteriophages; however, only for humans were the composition and intervariability of the bacteriophage communities studied in depth. Here we present an ecogenomics survey of dsDNA bacteriophage diversity in the feces of horses (), comparing two groups of stabled horses, and a further group of feral horses that were isolated on an island. Our results indicate that the dsDNA viromes of the horse feces feature higher richness than in human viromes, with more even distribution of genotypes. No over-represented phage genotypes, such as CrAssphage-related viruses found in humans, were identified. Additionally, many bacteriophage genus-level clusters were found to be present in all three geographically isolated populations. The diversity of the horse intestinal bacteriophages is severely undersampled, and so consequently only a minor fraction of the phage contigs could be linked with the bacteriophage genomes. Our study indicates that bacteriophage ecological parameters in the intestinal ecosystems in horses and humans differ significantly, leading them to shape their corresponding viromes in different ways. Therefore, the diversity and structure of the intestinal virome in different animal species needs to be experimentally studied.

摘要

哺乳动物下消化道的病毒组被证明主要由噬菌体主导;然而,只有人类的噬菌体群落组成和变异性得到了深入研究。在这里,我们对马粪便中的双链DNA噬菌体多样性进行了生态基因组学调查,比较了两组圈养马以及另一组在岛上隔离的野马。我们的结果表明,马粪便中的双链DNA病毒组比人类病毒组具有更高的丰富度,基因型分布更均匀。未发现像在人类中发现的与CrAssphage相关病毒那样过度代表的噬菌体基因型。此外,发现许多噬菌体属水平的聚类存在于所有三个地理隔离的种群中。马肠道噬菌体的多样性严重采样不足,因此只有一小部分噬菌体重叠群可以与噬菌体基因组相关联。我们的研究表明,马和人类肠道生态系统中的噬菌体生态参数存在显著差异,导致它们以不同方式塑造各自相应的病毒组。因此,需要通过实验研究不同动物物种肠道病毒组的多样性和结构。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1bc6/7691681/8f5dbaad7340/ga1.jpg

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