Mohammed Azad, Alshamarri Taraf, Adeyeye Temilayo, Lazariu Victoria, McNutt Louise-Anne, Carpenter David O
Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, SUNY, 5 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2020 Nov 5;20:101242. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101242. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are both diseases of joints, but they have very different etiologies. Osteoarthritis is a disease assumed to result from wear and tear over time, whereas rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks joint tissues. Using NHANES data (1999-2015), we have compared the influence of age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index and smoking on these two very different forms of arthritis. Incidence of both increases with age and are more frequent in females than males. There is little apparent difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in women of normal as comparted to overweight, but both are more frequent in obese women, especially those over the age of 60. While osteoarthritis is more frequent in whites, blacks have more rheumatoid arthritis, and Hispanics show an intermediate prevalence. Smoking significantly increased the incidence of both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in women, but increased prevalence of only RA in men. There was no effect of smoking on OA prevalence in males. It is remarkable that two diseases of joints, which have quite different causes, should have so many commonalities. The differences that exist appear to be due to a combination of inflammatory markers and access to health care.
骨关节炎和类风湿性关节炎都是关节疾病，但它们的病因截然不同。骨关节炎被认为是长期磨损导致的疾病，而类风湿性关节炎是一种自身免疫性疾病，人体免疫系统会攻击关节组织。利用美国国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES，1999 - 2015年）的数据，我们比较了年龄、性别、种族、体重指数和吸烟对这两种截然不同的关节炎形式的影响。两种关节炎的发病率均随年龄增长而上升，且女性比男性更为常见。与超重女性相比，正常体重女性的骨关节炎和类风湿性关节炎发病率几乎没有明显差异，但肥胖女性中这两种疾病更为常见，尤其是60岁以上的肥胖女性。虽然白人中骨关节炎更为常见，但黑人中类风湿性关节炎更多见，西班牙裔的患病率则介于两者之间。吸烟显著增加了女性骨关节炎和类风湿性关节炎的发病率，但仅增加了男性类风湿性关节炎的患病率。吸烟对男性骨关节炎患病率没有影响。值得注意的是，这两种病因截然不同的关节疾病竟然有如此多的共性。存在的差异似乎是炎症标志物和医疗保健可及性共同作用的结果。
